Behaviourist Approach Flashcards
(11 cards)
Negative Reinforcement
When a behaviour is followed by the removal of an adverse consequence and is more likely to be repeated (there is an increase in behaviour).
Attention
The cognitive process that involves observing or becoming aware of something, this does not have to be in your peripheral visual field.
Vicarious Reinforcement
Occurs when learners observe role models receiving either positive or negative reinforcement. This means that because the learned has observed the consequences of the behaviour they are more (or less) likely to imitate it, depending on what those consequences were.
Modelling
Imitating a role model or producing a specific behaviour that may then be imitated by the observer.
Mediational Processes
Mental factors that intervene in the learning process to determine whether a new behaviour is acquired or not. The four mediational processes proposed by Bandura are attention (whether we notice the behaviour), retention (whether we notice the behaviour), reproduction (whether we are able to perform the behaviour), and motivation (whether the perceived rewards outweigh the perceived costs.)
Identification
Associating with a role model’s and adapting their behaviour because you want to be like them.
Punishment
Receiving something unpleasant when a behaviour is performed which decreases the chance the behaviour is repeated.
Classical Conditioning
Learning through association
Operant Conditioning
Learninf through reinforcement (behaviour is reinforced through the use of rewards and punishments).
Social Learning
Learning through observation of role models (then imitating what has been observed.)
Positive Reinforcement
Receiving something pleasant when a behaviour is performed that increases the chance the behaviour is repeated.
