Benchmark 4 Study Guide

Question 0

The most penetrating type of radiation.

Answer 0

Gamma

Question 1

Negatively charged particles emitted from a nucleus at high speed.

Answer 1

Beta

Question 2

The amount of time it take for half of a radioactive isotope to break apart.

Answer 2

Half-Life

Question 3

The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses.

Answer 3

Fusion

Question 4

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

Answer 4

Isotope

Question 5

Stopped by a piece of paper, a helium nucleus that is the weakest form of radiation.

Answer 5

Alpha

Question 6

The splitting apart of a nucleus of a large atom into two smaller atoms.

Answer 6

Fission

Question 7

Group18, inert, do not rom compounds

Answer 7

Noble Gases

Question 8

The most reactive group of metals.

Answer 8

Alkali Metals

Question 9

Elements that form salts by combining with metals.

Answer 9

Halogens

Question 10

Includes oxygen and sulfur

Answer 10

Chalcogens

Question 11

React to form bases, found in minerals

Answer 11

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 12

Form multiple charges, used to make pigments

Answer 12

Transition Metals

Question 13

Found on the stair step line; part metal part nonmetal

Answer 13

Noble Gases

Question 14

What does the chemical symbol represent for an element?

Answer 14

Name

Question 15

This shows the number of elements in a compound and how they are bonded together.

Answer 15

Chemical Formula

Question 16

What do dot diagrams represent?

Answer 16

Valence Electrons

Question 17

What kind of chemical bond is formed when an equal exchange or transfer of electrons occurs.

Answer 17

Ionic

Question 18

Hold atoms together in a compound

Answer 18

Chemical Bond

Question 19

A group of covalently bonded atoms that acts together as one charged atom.

Answer 19

Polyatomic Ion

Question 20

This is an abbreviation used for elements in chemistry.

Answer 20

Chemical Symbol

Question 21

A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons.

Answer 21

Covalent

Question 22

What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction?

Answer 22

Precipitate

Question 23

Numbers that precede chemical formulas, used to balance equations.

Answer 23

Coefficients

Question 24

H2O (l)

Answer 24

Liquid

Question 25

Represent oxidation numbers or charges of ions

Answer 25

Superscripts

Question 26

Dissolved in water (aq)

Answer 26

Aqueous

Question 27

O2(g)

Answer 27

Gas

Question 28

The number of each type of atom in the compound is shown by these numbers.

Answer 28

Subscripts

Question 29

Na (s)

Answer 29

Solid

Question 30

When two elements or compounds combine to make one large compound.

Answer 30

Synthesis

Question 31

When one element replaces another element in a compound.

Answer 31

Single Displacement

Question 32

When a compound splits apart into smaller compounds or elements.

Answer 32

Decomposition

Question 33

When a carbon compound reacts with oxygen to form heat, carbon dioxide, and water.

Answer 33

Combustion

Question 34

When an element gains electrons.

Answer 34

Reduction

Question 35

When an element loses electrons.

Answer 35

Oxidation

Question 36

When two salts react, break apart, and recombine to make two new compounds.

Answer 36

Double Displacement

Question 37

When a strong acid reacts with a strong base to produce water and salt.

Answer 37

Acid Base Neutralization

Question 38

Sodium Chloride

Answer 38

NaCl

Question 39

Mg(NO3)2

Answer 39

Magnesium Nitrate

Question 40

The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound.

Answer 40

Zero

Question 41

The mass of products must equal the mass of reactants.

Answer 41

Loa of Conservation of Mass

Question 42

The particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons.

Answer 42

Quarks

Question 43

Copper(ll) Sulfate

Answer 43

CuSO4

Question 44

Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2, O2, F2

Answer 44

Diatomic Molecules

Question 45

The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature.

Answer 45

Mercury

Question 46

A(n)____ chemical equation has the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation.

Answer 46

Balanced

Question 47

Each substance on the left of the arrow in a chemical equation is a __

Answer 47

Reactant

Question 48

Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?

Answer 48

AnNO3 + NaCl>AgCl + NaNO3

Question 49

The energy required to break the original bonds is less than the energy release when new bonds form a(n) ___ reaction.

Answer 49

Exergonic

Question 50

If heat must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to take place, the reaction is _____.

Answer 50

Endothermic

Question 51

What type of reaction is shown in the following chemical equation: NH3 + HCL > NH4Cl?

Answer 51

Synthesis

Question 52

Which of the following could represent a decomposition reaction?

Answer 52

Compound = element + element

Question 53

In a chemical equation, the symbol that means dissolved in water is __.

Answer 53

(aq)

Question 54

When one element replaces another element in a compound, the reaction is a ___ reaction.

Answer 54

Single-displacement

Question 55

A substance that speeds up a | Chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself is a(n) ___.

Answer 55

Catalyst

Question 56

The breaking down of a substance into two or more simpler substances is ____.

Answer 56

Decomposition

Question 57

Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation is a(n) ___.

Answer 57

Product

Question 58

Substances that prevent, or slow down, chemical reactions are called ___.

Answer 58

Inhibitors

Question 59

A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released is ___.

Answer 59

Exothermic

Question 60

Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical equation are ___.

Answer 60

Coefficients

Question 61

According to the law of conservation of mass, how does the mass of the products in a chemical reaction compare to the mass of the reactants.

Answer 61

The masses are equal.

Question 62

What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction?

Answer 62

Precipitate

Question 63

A chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form another substance is called a ____.

Answer 63

Synthesis reaction

Question 64

The burning of wood in a campfire that produces heat and light would be both an ____ and an ____ reactions.

Answer 64

Exergonic, exothermic

Question 65

When most chemical reactions take place, some ___ in the reactants must be broken, a process that requires energy.

Answer 65

Chemical bonds

Question 66

Copper (ll) plus sodium iodide yields Copper (ll) iodide plus sodium sulfate is represented by which balanced equation?

Answer 66

CuSO4 + 2 NaI > Na2SO4 + CuI2