beneficiation operation to gravity concentration Flashcards
(39 cards)
physical or mechanical unit operations where valuable mineral particles are separated from the mixture of liberated valuable mineral particles and gangue mineral particles
Beneficiation Operation
the valuable mineral product obtained from the
beneficiation operation
Concentrates
the waste or gangue mineral product obtained from the beneficiation operation
Tailings
BASIS OF SEPARATION SA
- Hand Sorting
- Mechanical Sorting
- Gravity Separation
- Centrifugal Separation
- Flotation
- Magnetic Separation
- Electrical Separation
2 ni s
- Color and Luster
- Friction and Shape
- Sp. Gr. Size and Shape
- Sp. Gr. Size and Shape
- Wettability Susceptibility
- Magnetic Susceptibility
- Electrical Conductivity
THREE STAGE TREATMENT
it is the operation of
removal of a rough concentrate at the
earliest stage of treatment of the
ground ore. The device used is called
____.
Roughing
Rougher
THREE STAGE TREATMENT
it is the operation of
removal of the last recoverable
fraction of valuables before
discarding the final tailing from the treatment plant. The device used for this purpose is called ____.
Scavenging
Scavenger
THREE STAGE TREATMENT
it is the operation of re -treating the rough concentrate to improve
its quality. The device used for this ____ stage is called ____.
Cleaning
Cleaner
is a method of separating
the mineral particles based on their specific gravities when they are allowed to
settle in a fluid medium.
Gravity Concentration
also called Heavy Liquid
separation (HLS), is an operation where particles of different specific
gravities are separated by using a suitable heavy liquid
Float and Sink
Float and SIink
Solutions of inorganic salts like ____and ____
are used as heavy liquid.
Calcium Chloride and Zinc Chloride
Solutions of required specific gravity are prepared by adding two or more
liquids at different proportions. When the ore particles are introduced into this
solution, mineral particles of less specific gravity will ____ and mineral particles
of a more specific gravity will ____. Then two products are removed from the
solution.
float
sink
Heavy Liquid Separation is not carried out now-a-days in mineral or coal
industries because of the following reasons:
* Some liquids are ____; some others are ____.
* Organic liquids are ____.
* They are absorbed by particle surfaces and contaminate the mineral
particles.
* Loss of liquid is high, due to ____.
* These liquids cannot be recovered economically.
* It is not always possible to get hold of the required heavy liquids
- Toxic; corrosive
- Expensive
3.Volatility
this is a process similar to
Heavy Liquid Separation but instead of heavy liquid, a pseudo liquid is used.
Heavy/Dense Medium Separation
A ____ is a suspension of water and solids which behaves like a true liquid.
Pseudo Liquid
____, used for washing coal of
75–13 mm size is the oldest HMS unit.
CHance Cone
consists of an inverted cone with a
cylindrical upper section, has two rotating paddles at its center to maintain the
suspension and a refuse chamber to discharge refuse material without disturbing
the contents of the vessel.
Vessel of a Chance Cone
It provides a high centrifugal force and a low viscosity of the medium. Much finer separations are achieved in Heavy medium cyclone than in gravity
separators.
Centrifugal Separators
Centrifugal Separators
- The ore or coal is suspended in a very fine medium of ____ or ____, and is fed tangentially to the Heavy medium cyclone
under pressure. - The sink product leaves the cyclone at the ____ and the float product is discharged
through the ____
- Ferrosilicon or Magnetite
- Apex, vortex finder
is the process of separating the particles of different specific
gravities, size and shape by introducing them on a perforated surface (or screen)
through which the water is made to flow by pulsion and suction strokes
alternatively.
Jigging
Jigging
- ____ jigs use water as the fluid
medium - ____ jigs use air.
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
It consists of a rectangular open top
container with the screen at the
bottom which supports the bed of
solids. Pulsion and suction strokes of
water through the screen are given
by means of a reciprocating piston or
compressed air. The feed is
introduced at one end of the jig and
products are taken out by two
methods
Jig
both concentrate and tailing are removed from the jig
bed
Jigging on the Screen
light product is removed from the jig bed
whereas heavy product is removed
from below the jig screen, like from
the bottom of the jig box known as
hutch. The heavy product is known as
hutch product which passes through
jig screen. Ragging material, a mineral
bed is sometimes placed on the jig
screen to permit the heavy product to
pass through the screen and to prevent
the passage of light product into the
hutch.
Jigging through the screen
Types of Jig
water is made to pulsate whilst the screen is stationary.
Fixed Screen Jig
