Benign And Malignant Tumours: Tumour Classification

Question 1

Define tumour (as opposed to neoplasm)

Answer 1

Any abnormal swelling

Question 2

Define neoplasm (as opposed to tumour)

Answer 2

A lesion resulting from the autonomous or relatively autonomous abnormal growth of cells which persists after the initiating stimulus has been removed

Question 3

What is a viscous?

Answer 3

An organ

Question 4

What’s a lesion?

Answer 4

A localised abnormality

Question 5

What is stroma in relation to neoplastic cells?

Answer 5

A ‘matress’ for the neoplastic cells

Question 6

Where are neoplastic cells derived from?

Answer 6

Derived from nucleated cells

Question 7

Does the neoplastic cells’ growth and activity relate to its parent cell?

Answer 7

Yes

For example, a thyroid neoplasm will grow similarly to a thyroid cell to an extent

Question 8

What are the two ways to classify neoplasms?

Answer 8

Behavioural (malignant/benign) and histogenic (cell of origin)

Question 9

What are the 6 features of benign neoplasms?

Answer 9

Localised, non-invasive

Slow growth rate

Low mitotic activity

Close resemblance to normal tissue

Circumscribed or encapsulated

Usually exophytic growth

Question 10

What are the 6 features of malignant neoplasms?

Answer 10

Invasive

Metastases (not all though, some don’t - identifying factor between benign and malignant is that it’s invasive

Rapid growth rate

Variable resemblance to normal tissue

Poorly defined or irregular border

Usually endophytic growth

Question 11

Where may neoplasms arise from? (3)

Answer 11

Epithelial cells

Connective tissues

Lymphoid/haematopoietic organs

Question 12

What is a papilloma?

Answer 12

Benign neoplasm of non-glandular non-secretory epithelium

Question 13

What is an adenoma?

Answer 13

Benign neoplasm of glandular or secretory epithelium

Question 14

What is a carcinoma?

Answer 14

Malignant epithelial neoplasm

Question 15

What are carcinomas of glandular epithelium called?

Answer 15

Adenocarcinomas

Question 16

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of apipocytes?

Answer 16

Lipoma

Question 17

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of cartilage

Answer 17

Chrondroma

Question 18

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of bone?

Answer 18

Osteoma

Question 19

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of vascular?

Answer 19

Angioma

Question 20

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of striated muscle?

Answer 20

Rhabdomyoma

Question 21

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of smooth muscle

Answer 21

Leiomyoma

Question 22

Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of nerves?

Answer 22

Neuroma

Question 23

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of adipose tissue?

Answer 23

Liposarcoma

Question 24

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of striated muscle?

Answer 24

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 25

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of smooth muscle?

Answer 25

Leiomyosarcoma

Question 26

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of cartilage?

Answer 26

Chrondrosarcoma

Question 27

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of bone?

Answer 27

Osteosarcoma

Question 28

Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of blood vessels?

Answer 28

Angiosarcoma

Question 29

Where a cell type of origin cannot be determined, the neoplasm is said to be what?

Answer 29

Anaplastic

Question 30

What are the 3 exeptions to the -oma being neoplasms?

Answer 30

Granuloma, mycetoma, tuberculoma

Question 31

Name malignant neoplasm of melanocytes

Answer 31

Melanoma

Question 32

Name malignant neoplasm of mesothelial cells

Answer 32

Mesothelioma

Question 33

Name malignant neoplasm of lymphoid cells

Answer 33

Lymphoma