Benign Conditions

Question 1

What is mastalgia

Answer 1

Mastalgia is breast pain. The most common type is cyclic. It coincides with the menstrual cycle
Symptoms include: tenderness and heaviness for 2-3 days.
Pain mgmt: decrease fat caffeine chocolate tea. Use ice, NSAIDS, compression vitamin E and primrose oil
Non cyclic: signs and symptoms are burning aching soreness unilateral pain from trauma or fat necrosis
US done to rule out breast cancer however pain is not a usual sign,

Question 2

What are some fibrocystic changes

Answer 2

Most common in 30-50
Pain due to inflammation, edema, fibrosis
Palpable lumps, round, well delineated and free,y move able
Green or dark brown nipple discharge
Increase in size before menstruation
No increase cancer risk does not turn into cancer
Common in UOQ
US to see fluid filled vs solid mass
“Water balloons”

Question 3

What is fibroadenoma

Answer 3

Occurs in young women teens to 20’s
Black more than whites
Painless round well delineated mobile solid firm rubbery
No discharge
Uni or bilateral
May grow I’m pregnancy but not cyclic
Biopsy to rule out cancer
Diagnosed with physical, US, mammogram
TX: removal or cryotherapy if symptomatic

Question 4

What is Intraductal Papilloma

Answer 4

Benigna soft or hard wart like growth found in mammary duct- unilateral
May have bloody discharge
35-55
Single or several ducts
May increase cancer risk does
Dx: core biopsy
Tx: if positive excision of duct or papilloma

Question 5

Benign Ducta
Ectasia

Answer 5

One or more milk ducts widens and walls thicken and clog
Peri and post menopause
Nipple discharge is bloody in advanced disease
Initially painless can become burning itching and areolar pain
Nipple retraction
May lead to access
Warm compress and Abx
Treatment is excision of duct

Question 6

What is Male Gynecomastia

Answer 6

A non inflammatory enlargement of one or both breast
Temporary and benign
Starts at puberty resolves by. 20
Reassure BENIGN
Underlying : testicular tumors pituitary adenomas hyperthyroid liver disease marijuana
Drug use : digoxin ranitidine steroid
Initially unilateral may become bilateral
Biopsies for rule out cancer Diagnosed
NOT TX resolves 6-12 months

Question 7

Gerontological considerations

Answer 7

Pendulous breast
Decrease in subcutaneous fat
Decrease in structural support
Atrophy or mammary gland
Decrease tissue density
Increase Breast CA risk