benign mucosal lesions Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
lesions are categorised based on what?
A
their aetiology
2
Q
name 2 congenital lesions
A
leukoedema
fordyce spots
3
Q
what is leukoedema?
A
Thickened mucosa with white/grey discolouration
4
Q
symptoms of leukoedema
A
asymptomatic
5
Q
is leukoedema investigated?
A
not if family history and localisation
6
Q
name this lesion
A
leukoedema
7
Q
what are fordyce spots?
A
Ectopic sebaceous glands
Small cream coloured spots in cheeks and lips
8
Q
are fordyce spots harmful?
A
Entirely harmless and not biopsied
9
Q
what do u tell a pt concerned about fordyce spots?
A
Reassure pt these are harmless benign lesions
10
Q
name this lesion
A
fordyce spots
11
Q
what causes Erosions/ulcers?
A
acute trauma - dentures, restorations, direct trauma
12
Q
what indicated chronic mechanical trauma?
A
keratosis
13
Q
treatment of erosions/ulcers caused by acute trauma
A
irradiate source
14
Q
when do u biopsy an erosion/ulcer
A
if it doesn’t heal within 14 days
15
Q
name this lesion
A
erosion/ulcer caused by mechanical trauma
16
Q
name this lesion
A
erosion/ulcer caused by thermal trauma
17
Q
what are aphthous ulcers caused by?
A
genetics, trauma, hormones etc.
18
Q
what do aphthous ulcers look like?
A
White ulcerated base with red angry margin, can come in singles or multiples
19
Q
symptoms of aphthous ulcers
A
painful
20
Q
management of aphthous ulcers
A
symptom management
21
Q
name these lesions
A
aphthous ulcers
22
Q
what causes frictional keratosis?
A
cheek biting
23
Q
what does frictional keratosis look like?
A
Traumatised area limited to occlusal plane
Self limiting
24
Q
name this lesion
A
frictional keratosis
25
what does linea alba look like
White tissue line at level of occlusal plane
26
what is linea alba associated with?
parafunction - often presents with scalloped tongue
27
do u need to biopsy linea alba?
Generally don’t need to biopsy unless something unusual about the appearance
28
name this lesion
linea alba
29
what are polyps?
Benign growths from the mucosa caused by trauma normally
30
describe a pedunculate polyp
attached by a stalk
31
describe a sessile polyp
attached directly to mucosa
32
symptoms of polyps
asymptomatic unless traumatised
33
treatment of polyps
excision
34
name this lesion
polyp
35
is this a pedunculated or sessile polyp
sessile
36
is this a pedunculated or sessile polyp
pedunculated
37
what causes denture induced hyperplasia?
wearing ill-fitting dentures 24/7
38
symptoms of denture induced hyperplasia
Asymptomatic
39
what does denture induced hyperplasia tend to be superimposed with?
candida infection as pt tends to have poor OH
40
treatment for denture induced hyperplasia
excision, systemic treatment of candida and new dentures
41
name this lesion
denture induced hyperplasia
42
what are amalgam tattoos
Metal inclusions into the mucosa
43
are amalgam tattoos biopsied?
Biopsy to establish diagnosis - looks like mucosal melanoma
44
name this lesion
amalgam tattoo
45
what is a mucocoele, cause, symptoms?
Minor salivary gland cyst Caused by trauma to lip resulting in a blister that tends to be pain free and filled with saliva which can burst and be released into the mouth
46
treatment of mucocoele
excision
47
name this lesion
mucocoele
48
what category based on aetiology is lichen planus in
autoimmune
49
describe lichen planus appearance
White lace-like pattern on buccal mucosa
50
is lichen planus biopsied
Biopsy to determine diagnosis
51
is lichen planus benign
Potentially malignant so requires monitoring
52
name this lesion
lichen planus
53
what category based on aetiology are vesiculobullous conditions in
autoimmune
54
what are vesiculobullous conditions
Painful blisters that rupture into erosions and ulcers
55
are vesiculobullous conditions biopsied
Biopsy to determine diagnosis
56
what category based on aetiology is Addisons disease in
metabolic
57
what is Addisons disease caused by?
Primary adrenal insufficiency - cortisol and aldosterone
58
oral manifestations of Addisons disease
pigmentation of oral mucosa and skin
59
is Addison's disease biopsied?
biopsy to ensure its nothing more serious like a melanoma
60
name this lesion
Addisons disease
61
what is another name for Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
thrush
62
clinical presentation of Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
White plaques that wipe free leaving a red base
63
who is more susceptible to Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
immunocompromised
64
what causes Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
fungal infection
candidate albicans
65
treatment of Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis
systemic antifungals
66
name these lesions
thrush
67
clinical presentation of candidal leukoplakia
White patch that doesn’t wipe off and can’t be attributed to any cause
68
treatment of candidal leukoplakia
systemic antifungals
biopsy if doesn't improve as potentially malignant
69
name this lesion
candidal leukoplakia
70
what are papillomas associated with?
low risk subtype oft HPV
71
clinical presentation of papillomas
finger like projections
72
treatment of papillomas
Excision and histological examination
73
name this lesion
papilloma
74
what is secondary herpes caused by?
Reactivation of latent virus in the trigeminal system by UV light, stress, immunocompromise
75
clinical presentation of secondary herpes
Tingling sensation before vesicles appear on the lip
Vesicles burst and crust
76
how are secondary herpes cold sores treated?
topical antivirals
77
name this lesion
secondary herpes
78
what category based on aetiology is geographical tongue in?
inflammatory
79
what is another name for geographical tongue?
Benign migratory glossitis
80
clinical presentation of geographic tongue
Appearance to dorsum of the tongue - red lines (atrophy) and white lines (hyperkeratosis)
81
what is geographic tongue linked to 3
underlying vit B deficiency
psoriasis
fissured tongue
82
treatment for geographic tongue
Generally none
LA mouthwash or steroid mouthwash if symptomatic
83
name this lesion
geographic tongue
84
what category based on aetiology is lichenoid reaction in?
inflammatory
85
what are lichenoid reactions
Reaction to metal or medications (anithypertensives, hypoglycaemics, NSAIDs)
86
are lichenoid reactions biopsied
Benign but potentially malignant - biopsy
87
name this lesion
lichenoid reaction
88
what is an epulis in general
growth on the gum
89
what is a fibrous epulis
growth on the interdental papilla - gingival margin of teeth
90
treatment of fibrous epulis
excise as hard to maintain OH and can be large and traumatised
91
name this lesion
fibrous epulis
92
what is a pyogenic granuloma
vascular epulis associated with hormones - pregnant women
93
clinical presentation of pyogenic granuloma
growth on gum that bleeds
94
treatment of pyogenic granuloma
Resolves once baby is born
If large excise
95
what category based on aetiology is melanotic macule in?
idiopathic - unknown aetiology
96
clinical presentation of a melanotic macule
Round or oval brown or black pigmented area on the lip or any mucosal surface - looks like a freckle
97
is a melanotic macule biopsied
Biopsy to establish not melanoma
98
treatment of a melanotic macule
Excise for aesthetics
99
name this lesion
melanotic macule
100
what is a lipoma
Benign mesenchymal neoplasms
Made up of fat cells surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule
101
what category based on aetiology is lipoma in?
idiopathic - unknown aetiology
102
treatment of lipoma
excision
103
name this lesion
lipoma
