Beta Lactam Antibiotic

Question 1

It impede bacterial cell wall synthesis through their distinctive beta-lactam ring structure.

Answer 1

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Question 2

It also inhibit cell wall synthesis

Answer 2

Vancomycin, fosfomycin, and bacitracin

Question 3

It directly disrupting the bacterial cell membrane.

Answer 3

Daptomycin

Question 4

All penicillins are derived from?

Answer 4

6-aminopenicillanic acid

Question 5

Beta-lactam antibiotics bind to
__________________________and
inhibit_____________________, the finalstep in cell wall synthesis.
• Also activate autolytic enzy

Answer 5

penicillin-binding proteins , transpeptidation

Question 6

Penicillins are generally polar compounds with limited metabolic processing, often excreted unchanged in urine through ?

Answer 6

glomerular filtration and tubular secretion

Question 7

nafcillin and ampicillin, which are primarily excreted in

Answer 7

Bile

Question 8

The plasma half-lives of most penicillins typically range from

Answer 8

30 minutes to 1 hour

Question 9

Beta-lactam antibiotics are bactericidal drugs that disrupt bacterial cell wall synthesis
through binding to

Answer 9

penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)

Question 10

Very-narrow-spectrum .This subclass includes ______,_______,______primarily used for treating staphylococcal infections.

Answer 10

methicillin, nafcillin, and oxacillin,

Question 11

Wider-spectrum. have a broader antibacterial spectrum but are
susceptible to penicillinases. They treat infections caused by enterococci, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. mirabilis, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and can be enhanced by penicillinase inhibitors.

Answer 11

Ampicillin and amoxicillin

Question 12

Cephalosporin drug that is excreted in bile

Answer 12

Cefoperazone, ceftriaxone

Question 13

Cephalosporin first generation drug

Answer 13

Cefazolin,caphalexin

Question 14

Cephalosporin second generation

Answer 14

Cefaclor,cefuroxime ,cefprozil

Question 15

Cephalosporin third generation

Answer 15

Ceftrazidime,cefoperazone,ceforaxime

Question 16

Cephalosporin fourth generation

Answer 16

Cefepime,ceftaroline

Question 17

Ceftaroline is effective in treating infections caused by

Answer 17

methicillin-resistant staphylococci

Question 18

Beta lactamase inhibitor

Answer 18

Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam

Question 19

is a bactericidal glycoprotein that disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the d-Ala-d-Ala terminal of peptidoglycan, inhibiting elongation and
cross-linking.

Answer 19

Vancomycin

Question 20

acts as an antimetabolite inhibitor, targeting cytosolic
enolpyruvate transferase.

Answer 20

Fosfomycin

Question 21

common side effect of fosfomycin

Answer 21

Diarrhea

Question 22

a peptide antibiotic, disrupts the final stages of cell wall synthesis
in Gram-positive bacteria.

Answer 22

Bacitracin

Question 23

acts as an antimetabolite, inhibiting the incorporation of d-Ala into the pentapeptide side chain of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.

Answer 23

Cycloserine

Question 24

Its use is restricted to treating drug-resistant tuberculosis due to the potential
for neurotoxic side effects, which may include

Answer 24

tremors, seizures, and
psychosis.

Question 25

is a unique cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic, offering a spectrum of activity similar to vancomycin but with effectiveness against vancomycin- resistant strains of enterococci and staphylococci.

Answer 25

Daptomycin

Question 26

Chloramphenicol ribosomal sub unit target

Answer 26

50

Question 27

Macrolides ribosomal subunit target

Answer 27

50

Question 28

Tetracycline ribosomal subunit target

Answer 28

30S

Question 29

serve as alternative drugs for treating syphilis.

Answer 29

Tetracycline

Question 30

is employed in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori.

Answer 30

Tetracycline

Question 31

is used for Lyme disease, malaria prevention, and the treatment of amebiasis.

Answer 31

Doxycycline

Question 32

Backup drug for Gram-positive cocci, including methicillin-resistant S aureus, and is recommended for endocarditis prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic valvular disease patients.

Answer 32

Clindamycin