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EKG > Big Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Big Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular Organ located in the center of the thoracic cavity behind the sternum

A

The Heart

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2
Q

The hearts 4 chambers

A

Two Atria and Two Ventricles

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3
Q

Dividing Wall Between The Atria

A

Interatrial Septum

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4
Q

Dividing wall separating the ventricles

A

Interventricular Septum

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5
Q

Atrioventricular Valves

A

Triscupid and Biscupid

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6
Q

Separates the Right Atrium from the Right Ventricle

A

Triscupid Valve

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7
Q

Seperates the left atrium from the left ventricle

A

Biscupid (mitral) Valve

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8
Q

Lies between the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

A

Pulmonary Valve

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9
Q

Lies between the left ventricle and the aorta

A

Aortic Valve

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10
Q

Aortic and Pulmonary Valves are called

A

Semilunar Valves

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11
Q

Prevents blood from flowing backward inside the heart

A

Synchronized Valve Closure

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12
Q

One of Two Main Arteries that carry Oxygenated Blood to the Right Atrium Right Ventricle and Part of the Left Atrium

A

RCA

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13
Q

Carry oxygenated blood to the Myocardium

A

LMCA

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14
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood to the posterolateral aspect of the left ventricle

A

LCx

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15
Q

Supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle

A

LAD

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16
Q

Cluster of cells located in the right atrial wall and functions as the natural pacemaker of the heart

A

SA Node

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17
Q

Can manifest as extreme sinus bradycardia on the EKG tracing

A

SA Node Artery

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18
Q

Part of the electrical conduction system that connects the atria to the ventricles

A

AV Node

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19
Q

A back up pacemaker can fire up in approximately

A

40 to 60 minutes

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20
Q

High degree heartblock on a EKG

A

AV Node Artery

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21
Q

Carries the electric impulse from the bundle of His to the Purkinje fibers

A

Right Bundle Branch

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22
Q

Carries the electrical impulse from the bundle of His to the Purkinje Fibers of the left ventricle causing depolarization

A

Left Bundle Branch

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23
Q

EKG paper provides measurements for both

A

Voltage and Time

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24
Q

EKG paper small boxes measures

A

1 mm tall by 1mm wide

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25
Standard paper speed of a EKG
25mm
26
Leads that have only one pole
Unipolar Leads
27
Single positive electrode referenced against the combination of the other limb leads
Augmented Leads
28
Leads that have two poles one positive one negative
Bipolar Leads
29
Records Impulses between the left and right arms
Lead 1
30
Records Impulses between the right arm and left leg
Lead 2
31
Records impulses between the left arm and left leg
Lead 3
32
The left leg and right arm assist with the left arm tracing
AVL
33
The left arm and left leg assist with the right arm tracing
AVR
34
The right and left arms assist with the left leg tracing
AVF
35
Fourth Intercostal Space right of the Sternum
V1
36
Fourth ICS left of sternum, directly across from V1
V2
37
Midway between v2 and v4
V3
38
Fifth ICS, midclavicular line
V4
39
Fifth ICS,midway between V4 and V6, at the anterior axillary line
V5
40
Fifth ICS at the mid axillary line
V6
41
12 lead EKG Colors
White - Right Arm Black- Left Arm Red- Left Leg Green- Right Leg
42
12 Lead EKG Precordial Lead Colors
``` V1: Red V2:Yellow V3:Green V4:Blue V5:Orange V6:Purple ```
43
Holter Monitor Lead Colors
White Lead: Right chest about two inches below the clavicle Red Lead: Left chest, lower rib-cage area Black Lead: Left chest, opposite of white lead Brown Lead: Right Chest, fourth rib Green Lead: Right lower chest, over a rib
44
3 Lead EKG Colors
White Lead: Right Shoulder just below the clavicle Black Lead: Left shoulder just below the clavicle Red Lead: Below the left pectoral muscle at the apex of the heart
45
Stress Testing Colors
White lead: Right Clavicle/ Shoulder Area Black Lead: Left Clavicle Red lead: Left Lower abdominal area Green lead: Right lower abdominal area
46
Telemetry Colors
White Electrode: Is placed on the right shoulder area Black Electrode: is placed on the left shoulder Green Electrode: is placed on the lower left abdominal area
47
Variety of things going wrong from both patient and non patient factors
Artifacts
48
``` Movement of the cables or leads Patient moving Loose electrodes Dry electrodes Patients labored breathing Improper skin preparation ```
Wandering Baseline
49
Some causes are controllable such as shivering | Some causes are not controllable such as active seizure
Somatic Tremor
50
Electronic device on or near the patient can cause electrical interference Cellphone can cause artifacts sharp spikes
AC Interference
51
Broken lead wires or disconnected leads the tracing is not continuous
Interrupted Baseline
52
Vessels that arise from the root of the aorta
Coronary Arteries
53
1mm =
0. 1mv | 0. 04 second
54
5mm=
0. 5mv | 0. 2 seconds
55
Results in high degree heart block on the EKG
Atrioventricular Node Artery
56
Circulation formed by smaller blood vessels branching off from or near large occluded blood
Collateral Circulation
57
Dizziness Light head ness Nausea Chest pain
8 signs of patient distress
58
Natural pacemaker of the heart rate
60-100 Located in the right atrial wall
59
3 bipolar leads and 3 augmented leads records electrical potentials in frontal plane
Limb leads
60
The electrocardiography grid
EKG paper
61
Vertical exits represent on EKG paper
Amplitude
62
What is the tracing on the EKG paper marked by
A stylus using heat
63
Left leg is positive and the left arm is negative
Lead 3
64
What is important about the Purkinje fibers?
They initiate myocardial contraction
65
Standard amplitude
10 mm
66
Standard calibration
10mm
67
Standard limb leads 1,2,3
Bipolar Leads
68
Place the six precordial leads v through v6 in the same locations required for the standard 12- lead ekg
Stress testing
69
Vary in size shape but all have basically the same parts
EKG machines
70
Recorder that monitors all 12 leads at once
Multichannel EKG machine
71
The left arm is positive and right a is negative
Lead 1
72
Enables the evaluation of the patients heart rate, rhythm and QRST morphology during the usual activities
Ambulatory EKG monitoring

EKG (4 decks)

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