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GCSE History 2025 Paper 2 > Big Migration Quiz > Flashcards

Big Migration Quiz Flashcards

(99 cards)

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1
Q

In what decade did the Vikings begin invading England

A

8th century 790s AD

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2
Q

At what battle did Alfred defeat the Vikings

A

Battle of Edington 878

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3
Q

Where did the Vikings first attack in Britain

A

Lindisfarne

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4
Q

Who did Alfred force to convert to Christianity

A

Guthrum the Viking leader

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5
Q

What did the Vikings first pillage from Britain 4 things

A

Gold slaves silver cattle

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6
Q

Why were the Vikings attracted to England

A

Portable wealth close proximity fertile land most affluent country in Europe

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7
Q

When did the Vikings decide to settle in Britain

A

850 AD

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8
Q

Who had been attacking pagans leading to the Vikings wanting revenge

A

French ruler Charlemagne

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9
Q

What city was captured by the Vikings in 866

A

York Jorvik

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10
Q

What was the name given to the area ruled by the Vikings

A

Danelaw north and east

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11
Q

What were the push factors that made the Vikings leave Scandinavia

A

No fertile land too sandy too hilly too cold Overcrowded

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12
Q

How did the Vikings change the Danelaw

A

New laws new Norse Viking place names new measurements skilled crafts new farming techniques

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13
Q

Why would younger brothers want to move to Britain

A

Work opportunities wealth Only older sons inherit farmland needed to make their own money

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14
Q

What words in the English language come from the Viking language

A

Places eg York Weekdays Thursday comes from Thor Norse god of thunder Foods egg and bread Happy Sister

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15
Q

Where did Alfred originally rule

A

Wessex

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16
Q

How can we tell what towns were Viking settlements

A

They end in by Grimsby

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17
Q

Why do some consider Alfred the first English king

A

Created the first English navy defended England from the Vikings called themselves Angelcyn for the first time united the English

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18
Q

Who conquered England in 1013

A

Forkbeard Gunhildas brother

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19
Q

How did Alfred defend England from the Vikings

A

First English navy standing army burhs along the coast

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20
Q

At what battle did Cnut defeat Edmund Ironside Aethelreds son

A

Battle of Assundun

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21
Q

What did Alfred promote

A

Literacy and learning English language

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22
Q

Who did Cnut marry

A

Emma of Normandy

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23
Q

After years of peace during whose reign did Vikings try to invade England once again

A

Aethelred

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24
Q

Whose laws did Cnut promote in England

A

Edgar the Peaceful

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25
Who invaded England in 991 How many ships did they have
Forkbeard and Tryggvason 90
26
Why did Cnut care so much about England
Most affluent country in the North Sea Empire
27
At what battle did the Vikings defeat the English in 991
Battle of Maldon
28
Whose death triggered a succession crisis in 1066 leading to the Normans conquering England
Edward the Confessor
29
What is the name of the money given to the Vikings to get them to leave England
Danegeld
30
In what year did William conquer England
1066
31
With whom did Aethelred make a pact to work against the Vikings How did he seal this deal
Normans Emma of Normandy
32
At what battle did William defeat Harold Godwinson the Anglo Saxon
Hastings
33
What massacre did Aethelred commit against the Vikings Who was killed
St Brices Day Massacre GUNHILDA Forkbeards sister
34
Where did William crush a huge rebellion very violently What is this known as
Harrying of the North
35
Identify 3 ways that the Normans changed England
Landscape language social structure
36
Where did Henry invade in modern day France
Brittany
37
What English words come from the French language
Beef parliament soldiers royal lots of words to do with power
38
How did Richard the Lionheart contribute to the collapse of the Angevin Empire
Spent all his money and time crusading
39
How many castles did the Normans build
500
40
Who was the French King fighting against King John
Phillip II
41
What was the name of the new social hierarchy introduced by the Normans
Feudal system
42
Who did King John according to some murder
Nephew Arthur
43
Who did Henry II marry
Eleanor of Acquitaine
44
What was Johns nickname due to his military defeats
Softsword
45
From whom did Henry II inherit Normandy
Matilda
46
What lands did John lose
Normandy Anjou Maine Brittany
47
From whom did Henry II inherit lands Anjou Maine Touraine in France
Geoffrey of Anjou
48
What was John forced to sign by his barons in 1215
Magna Carta
49
Where did Henry II make part of his empire by becoming overlord in 1171
Ireland
50
When Edward III became King in 1327 what French lands did the English still hold
Gascony and a tiny bit of northern France
51
What major Irish city did Henry II develop as a centre of trade and commerce
Dublin
52
What political reasons explain the start of the Hundred Years War
Imperialistic wanted glory and he had a dynastic claim
53
How many English archers knights and foot soldiers fought at Agincourt
11000 outnumbered 3 vs 1
54
Why was wine relevant to the outbreak of war
England heavily taxed wine imports from Gascony French threatened to take it
55
What type of weapon did the English use at Agincourt
Longbows kill a man 200m away
56
What did the English sell to the Dutch Flanders and why does this link to the start of war
Wool French wanted to end trade between England and Flanders
57
How many French soldiers died at Agincourt
7000-10000
58
Who did the French help angering Edward
David the Scottish king
59
What caused many English soldiers to die
Dysentery
60
What important battles did the English win during the Hundred Years War
Poitiers 1356 Agincourt 1415 Crecy 1346
61
What was the impact of the war on the French landscape
Land was destroyed burned buildings farmland destroyed animals killed
62
What did Edward get in exchange for making peace and giving up his claim to the French throne
Kept Calais and Gascony
63
What was the impact of the war being expensive
Higher taxes for the English
64
What was the name of the 17 year old peasant girl who inspired the French to victory who was killed by the English
Joan of Arc
65
How did the 100 Years War change military tactics
Gunpowder focus on missile fire foot soldiers more important cavalry knights become less important focus on archers
66
When did the Hundred Years War start and end
1337 and 1453
67
What was the impact of war on France
Economic impact unites the French makes the French king more powerful than ever
68
How many French men fought at Agincourt
30000
69
Why did the Hundred Years War consolidate English identity
Unites him focus more on themselves stop using French at court enemy language
70
What is a better way of saying local population
Indigenous native
71
How did the Hundred Years War change Englands focus
Refocuses England away from Europe eg towards America
72
What island did the English acquire in 1625
Barbados
73
Name two famous English explorers
Drake Hawkins John Cabot
74
Why was there a move away from piracy and privateering
Plantations were more profitable
75
What is the name given to pirates with permission
Privateers
76
During whose reign did England become involved in the slave trade
Elizabeth I
77
How does religion link to exploration in this period
Rivals with Catholic Spain
78
How many British ships transported slaves between 1690-1787
11000
79
What percentage of Spanish treasure ships were captured by rival countries
10-15%
80
How many slaves were taken to the Americas in the 1700s
6 million
81
What Christian groups left England for more religious freedom
Catholics Puritans Quakers
82
What groups played a role in the slave trade
Bankers investors shipbuilders and owners factory workers dockworkers
83
What economic factors pushed people to leave England
High unemployment low prices harvest failures
84
What cash crops were grown on plantations
Cotton tobacco sugar potatoes
85
What was the life expectancy for a slave
26/27
86
How much did the slave trade make from 1761-1808
60 million
87
What cities developed due to their role in the slave trade
Liverpool Bristol Glasgow
88
How many native Americans were there in 1500
560000
89
What buildings were funded by proceeds from slavery
National Portrait Gallery Liverpool Town Hall
90
How many were left by 1700
280000
91
How many Puritans migrated to America between 1630 and 1641
80000
92
What fraction do native Americans make of the American population today
0.006999999999999999
93
What 17th century conflict prompted many to emigrate to the Americas
British Civil Wars English Civil War
94
What English colony was established in 1607 What crop made this colony successful
Jamestown tobacco
95
What challenges faced early settlers in the Americas
Conflict with local population hunger
96
On what famous ship did many arrive in the Americas in 1620 Who arrived How many
Mayflower Pilgrim Fathers 20000
97
What is the name of the colony they established
New Plymouth
98
What ideas did they establish for their colony
Democracy and a constitution
99
With what native tribe were good relations established
Powhatan

GCSE History 2025 Paper 2 (4 decks)

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