BIG TEST!! 2/20

Question 0

2 organisms that break down carbohydrates to release energy

Answer 0

autotrophs & heterotrophs

Question 1

organism that traps and stores sunlight in carbohydrates

Answer 1

autotrophs

Question 2

the main energy currency of a cell

Answer 2

ATP

Question 3

cellular respiration:

Answer 3

what cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy

Question 4

the process that begins cellular respiration and does it have a lot of ATP

Answer 4

glycosis & no

Question 5

if there is no oxygen in cells, the products of glycosis enter what pathways and yield no additional what?

Answer 5

fermentation and ATP

Question 6

fermentation is anaerobic or aerobic?

Answer 6

anaerobic (no oxygen)

Question 7

if oxygen is present in the cell, the glycosis products enter the what pathway?

Answer 7

aerobic

Question 8

does aerobic respiration make much ATP?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

what simple sugar starts glycosis?

Answer 9

glucose

Question 10

in glycosis, glucose is broken into 2 molecules of what?

Answer 10

pyruvic acid & in the cytoplasm

Question 11

the part of the cell in which fermentation happens and does it contain oxygen?

Answer 11

cytoplasm & no

Question 12

2 types of fermentation

Answer 12

lactic acid and alcohol fermentation

Question 13

lactic acid fermentation makes dairy products and occurs in what during exercise?

Answer 13

muscles

Question 14

the effect of lactic acid on muscles

Answer 14

makes them sore

Question 15

yeast carries on what type of fermentation?

Answer 15

alcoholic

Question 16

table what & what are made by yeasts during alcoholic fermentation?

Answer 16

table wine and beer

Question 17

1 molecule of sugar produces how many kilocalories of energy?

Answer 17

7

Question 18

does anaerobic respiration produce more or less energy than aerobic respiration ?

Answer 18

anaerobic produces less energy than aerobic

Question 19

aerobic respiration requires what gas?

Answer 19

oxygen

Question 20

how much more ATP does aerobic respiration produce than glycosis?

Answer 20

34

Question 21

2 major steps of aerobic respiration

Answer 21

Krebs cycle & electron transport

Question 22

what is completed in Krebs cycle?

Answer 22

break down of glucose

Question 23

NAD+ is reduced to what?

Answer 23

NADH

Question 24

which part of aerobic respiration makes the most ATP?

Answer 24

electron transport

Question 25

where does aerobic respiration take place in prokaryotes?

Answer 25

cytoplasm

Question 26

where do the aerobic reactions take place in eukaryotes?

Answer 26

mitochondria

Question 27

what product of glycolysis diffuses into the mitochondrial matrix?

Answer 27

pyruvate

Question 28

The mitochondrial matrix, what helps catalyze the reactions of the Krebs cycle?

Answer 28

enzymes

Question 29

what is a euro CoA & what does it combine w/?

Answer 29

enzymes combined with 4 carbon compound

Question 30

1st acid produced in the Krebs cycle

Answer 30

citric acid

Question 31

2 energy carriers reduced in the Krebs cycle

Answer 31

NAD+= NADH & FAD+= FADH

Question 32

any ATP made in Krebs cycle?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

gas that's a waste product produced in Krebs cycle

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide

Question 34

2nd part of aerobic respiration

Answer 34

electron transport

Question 35

what's made in ETS when hydrogen ions are released?

Answer 35

ATP

Question 36

gas that's the final acceptor of electrons in ETS

Answer 36

oxygen

Question 37

final product of ETS (electron transport system)

Answer 37

H2O

Question 38

#of ATP made in glycosis

Answer 38

2

Question 39

#of ATP made in Krebs cycle

Answer 39

2

Question 40

each FADH can make

Answer 40

2 ATPS OF ENERGY

Question 41

each NADH can make

Answer 41

3 ATPS OF ENERGY

Question 42

molecules made by aerobic respiration

Answer 42

8 NADH & 2 FADH

Question 43

#of ATP molecules made in ETS

Answer 43

32

Question 44

maximum # of ATP molecules made by each glucose molecule

Answer 44

36

Question 45

cellular respiration equation

Answer 45

C6 O6 H12 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 46

all organisms use what to carry out their life functions

Answer 46

energy

Question 47

some organisms obtain their energy from what

Answer 47

sunlight

Question 48

The process by which this energy transfer takes place is called what

Answer 48

photosynthesis

Question 49

photosynthesis involves a what pathway in which the product of one reaction was consumed in the next reaction

Answer 49

biochemical pathway

Question 50

organisms that carry on photosynthesis including plants and other organisms containing the green pigment chlorophyll are called what

Answer 50

autotrophs

Question 51

autotroph's use what and what to make oxygen and the simple sugar glucose

Answer 51

CO2 & water

Question 52

pigment chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun during what reactions

Answer 52

light reactions

Question 53

pigments also in the plastids absorb wavelength of light that chlorophyll does not absorb are called what

Answer 53

accessory pigments

Question 54

these accessory pigments are responsible for other colors we see in plants such as what

Answer 54

red, orange and yellow

Question 55

chloroplasts are surrounded by a what

Answer 55

double membrane

Question 56

inside chloroplasts is a system of membranes arranged as stacks of flattened sacks called what

Answer 56

thylakoids

Question 57

sack is called a what

Answer 57

granum

Question 58

chloroplasts are found in the what of plants

Answer 58

leaves

Question 59

The what reactions of photosynthesis take place in the stroma

Answer 59

the dark reactions

Question 60

The underside of a leaf contains openings called what where gases enter & exit

Answer 60

stomata

Question 61

stomata are usually closed during the hottest times of the day by cells called what

Answer 61

guard cells