Bio - 10.1, 10.2 Flashcards
1
Q
pathogens - definition
A
a microorganism that causes disease
2
Q
4 types of pathogens
A
- viruses
- bacteria
- protoctists
- fungi
3
Q
transmissible diseases - definition
A
a disease that can be passed from one host to another and are caused by pathogens
4
Q
2 ways pathogens enter the body
A
- transmission / direct contact
- indirect contact
5
Q
transmission / direct contact
A
- pass from one host to another
- must have direct contact
eg. AIDS / HIV is passed through blood
6
Q
indirect contact
A
- breathing in droplets containing pathogens
- touching a surface that an infect person touched
- eating food / drinking water containing pathogens
- animals carrying pathogens
7
Q
virus - overview
A
- not made of cells
- needs a host to reproduce
*eg. HIV / AIDS, influenza
8
Q
bacteria - overview
A
- single-celled
- no nucleus
- reproduces rapidly
- releases toxins
*eg. cholera
9
Q
protoctist - overview
A
- often live in water
- some are parasitic
*eg. malaria
10
Q
penicillium & antibiotics
A
- fungus that produces the antibiotic penicillin
- antibiotics ae medicine that KILLS / STOPS the growth of bacteria
11
Q
antibiotics - process
A
- infected by bacteria : bacterial pathogen enters vector and reproduces
- antibiotic is taken : medicine to target bacteria
- antibiotic attacks the bacteria in different ways : (1) breaks down bacterial cell wall (2) stops protein synthesis / prevent DNA replication
- bacteria dies / stops producing
12
Q
antibiotic resistance
A
- happens when some bacteria mutate & survive the antibiotic
- new bacteria is reproduced and cannot be killed by antibiotics
13
Q
causes of antibiotic resistance
A
- overuse of antibiotics
- not finishing a course of antibiotics
