Bio

Question 1

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Answer 1

Speciation

Question 2

Niche

Answer 2

what an individual does to obtain resources

Question 3

Any change in the genetic sequence

Answer 3

Mutation

Question 4

The exchange of DNA sequences between non-sister chromatids during meiosis I

Answer 4

Crossing-over

Question 5

when individuals near the middle of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at the ends of the curve

Answer 5

Stabilizing selection

Question 6

An individual having 2 identical alleles for a given trait

Answer 6

Homozygous

Question 7

Different species fighting for the same resource

Answer 7

Competition

Question 8

A trait thats controlled by 2 or more genes

Answer 8

Polygenic trait

Question 9

The traits that are seen in an organism

Answer 9

Phenotype

Question 10

A trait thats controlled by only one gene

Answer 10

Single-gene trait

Question 11

The situation in which allele frequencies dont change

Answer 11

Genetic equilibrium

Question 12

The number of times that an allele appears in a gene pool

Answer 12

Relative frequency

Question 13

A change in the allele frequency due to migration of a small group of the population

Answer 13

Founder effect

Question 14

Theory that states that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless factors cause those frequencies to change

Answer 14

Hardy-weinberger principle

Question 15

Two or more species reproduce at different times

Answer 15

Temporal isolation

Question 16

When members of two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Answer 16

Reproductive isolation

Question 17

Requiring 2 of the same allele in order for a trait to be expressed in a homozygous individual

Answer 17

Recessive

Question 18

When 2 populations are capable of interbreeding but have different mating strategies or rituals

Answer 18

Behavioural isolation

Question 19

An individual having 2 different alleles for a given trait

Answer 19

Heterozygous

Question 20

2 populations are seperated by geographic barriers

Answer 20

Geographical isolation

Question 21

Random change in the allele frequency of different geneotypes in a small population

Answer 21

Genetic drift

Question 22

A method of creating different genetic combinations during sexual reproduction

Answer 22

Gene shuffling

Question 23

Indiviuduals at the ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle of the curve

Answer 23

Disruptive selection

Question 24

Random seperation of homologous pairs of chromosomes during meiosis I

Answer 24

Independent assortment

Question 25

The genetic makeup of an individual

Answer 25

Genotype

Question 26

when individuals at one end of the curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or lower ranges of the curve

Answer 26

Directional selection

Question 27

Requiring only one allele for a trait to be expressed in a heterozygous individual

Answer 27

Dominant

Question 28

All of the genes, including the different alleles, that are present in a population

Answer 28

Gene pool

Question 29

What are the types of mutation to DNA sequences?

Answer 29

1. Addition/insertion (extra nucleotides are added) 2. Subtraction/deletion (nucleotides are omitted) 3. Translation (switching the order of nucleotides

Question 30

Bottleneck effect

Answer 30

Occurs when something happens, wiping out most of the population