BIO 11th CH-1

Question 1

What is the science of life forms and living processes called?

Answer 1

Biology

Biology encompasses the study of all living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environments.

Question 2

What term refers to the number and types of organisms present on Earth?

Answer 2

Biodiversity

Biodiversity includes all forms of life, from plants and animals to microorganisms.

Question 3

What is the process of naming living organisms known as?

Answer 3

Nomenclature

Nomenclature standardizes the naming of organisms to avoid confusion.

Question 4

What is the scientific naming system introduced by Carolus Linnaeus called?

Answer 4

Binomial nomenclature

This system uses a two-name format for scientific names, consisting of the genus and specific epithet.

Question 5

What are the two components of a scientific name?

Answer 5

• Generic name
• Specific epithet

Question 6

In biological names, which word starts with a capital letter?

Answer 6

Generic name

The specific epithet starts with a lowercase letter.

Question 7

What is the lowest category in the taxonomic hierarchy?

Answer 7

Species

Species are groups of individual organisms with fundamental similarities.

Question 8

What is the term for the process of grouping organisms based on observable characteristics?

Answer 8

Classification

Classification helps in organizing organisms into categories for easier study and identification.

Question 9

What does the term ‘taxa’ refer to?

Answer 9

Categories in taxonomy

Taxa represent units of classification at various levels, such as species, genus, and family.

Question 10

What is the term for the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms?

Answer 10

Systematics

Systematics considers the evolutionary connections between different organisms.

Question 11

What are the major taxonomic categories from highest to lowest?

Answer 11

• Kingdom
• Phylum/Division
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

Question 12

What is the term for a group of related species?

Answer 12

Genus

Genera consist of species that share more characteristics with each other than with species of other genera.

Question 13

What is the family name for plants including genera like Solanum, Petunia, and Datura?

Answer 13

Solanaceae

This family is known for its diverse range of plants, including many food crops.

Question 14

What is the term for the assemblage of families in taxonomy?

Answer 14

Order

Orders group families that share certain characteristics but may differ in others.

Question 15

What does the class Mammalia include?

Answer 15

• Order Primata (monkeys, gorillas, gibbons)
• Order Carnivora (tigers, cats, dogs)

Question 16

What is the higher taxonomic category that includes related classes?

Answer 16

Phylum

In animals, phylum includes major groups such as Chordata, which encompasses all vertebrates.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The scientific name for humans is _______.

Answer 17

Homo sapiens

This name reflects our genus (Homo) and species (sapiens).

Question 18

What is the classification category that includes animals like tiger, cat, and dog?

Answer 18

Carnivora

Carnivora is an order within the class Mammalia.

Question 19

What is the higher category that comprises classes such as fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals?

Answer 19

Phylum

Phylum is a taxonomic rank above class.

Question 20

Which phylum includes animals based on the presence of notochord and dorsal hollow neural system?

Answer 20

Chordata

Chordata is the phylum that includes vertebrates and some invertebrates.

Question 21

What is the highest category in the classification system of animals?

Answer 21

Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia includes all animals from various phyla.

Question 22

What is the distinct kingdom that comprises all plants from various divisions?

Answer 22

Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae includes all plant organisms.

Question 23

As we ascend the taxonomic hierarchy from species to kingdom, what happens to the number of common characteristics?

Answer 23

Decreases

Higher taxonomic categories have fewer shared characteristics among members.

Question 24

What is the term for the scientific naming system that assigns a two-word name to each organism?

Answer 24

Binomial nomenclature

This system was developed by Carl Linnaeus.

Question 25

What is a taxon?

Answer 25

A taxonomic category or group ## Footnote Examples of taxa include species, genus, family, etc.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The taxonomic categories from species to kingdom are shown in ______ order.

Answer 26

Ascending ## Footnote This reflects the hierarchy from specific to broad categories.

Question 27

Identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories: (a) Species, ______, Phylum, Kingdom.

Answer 27

Order ## Footnote This sequence reflects the hierarchical arrangement of taxa.

Question 28

Identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories: (c) Species, Genus, ______, Phylum.

Answer 28

Order ## Footnote This sequence also reflects the hierarchical arrangement of taxa.

Question 29

What are the five taxonomic categories mentioned in the text?

Answer 29

Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Genus ## Footnote These categories help in the classification of organisms.

Question 30

What is the main branch of knowledge dealing with the identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms?

Answer 30

Taxonomy ## Footnote Taxonomy is crucial for understanding biodiversity and organism relationships.

Question 31

What does the taxonomic hierarchy help facilitate?

Answer 31

Sound and scientific placement of various taxa ## Footnote It aids in organizing biological diversity systematically.

Question 32

True or False: The classification systems for organisms have remained static over time.

Answer 32

False ## Footnote Classification systems are subject to change as new information is discovered.

Question 33

What is an example of a common organism and its taxonomic categories?

Answer 33

Man: Homo sapiens, Homo, Hominidae, Primata, Mammalia, Chordata ## Footnote This illustrates the taxonomic hierarchy for humans.

Question 34

What is the taxonomic classification for Mango?

Answer 34

Mangifera indica, Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Dicotyledonae, Angiospermae ## Footnote This showcases the hierarchical arrangement for the mango plant.

Question 35

What is the taxonomic classification for Wheat?

Answer 35

Triticum aestivum, Triticum, Poaceae, Poales, Monocotyledonae, Angiospermae ## Footnote This provides the hierarchical arrangement for wheat.