Bio

Question 1

Negative feedback

Answer 1

Stimulus triggers a response that OPPOSES the stimulus to restore homeostasis

Question 2

Positive feedback

Answer 2

Reinforces/amplifies the stimulus temporarily before homeostasis is restored

Question 3

Independent variable

Answer 3

what is not changed in the experiment

Question 4

Dependent variable

Answer 4

Changes because of the independent variable

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

Stable internal conditions

Question 6

Constants

Answer 6

Variables that are the same in every trial

Question 7

Characteristics of life shared by all organisms

Answer 7

• share genetic code: (DNA-RNA-protein)
• maintain homeostasis
• reproduce
• made of cells
• require materials and energy for metabolism
• evolve

Question 8

Molecule

Answer 8

2 or more atoms bonded together

Question 9

Polarity

Answer 9

Unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond

Ex: water is a polar molecule and is crucial to maintaining homeostasis

Question 10

Covalent bonds

Answer 10

When 2 atoms share electrons

Question 11

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 11

Form from the + and - ends of 2 polar molecules

Question 12

Cohesion

Answer 12

Water molecules hydrogen binding to each other

Question 13

4 properties of water

Answer 13

1) Cohesion (creates surface tension) / Adhesion (allows water to move roots up to leaves aka capillary action)

2) High Specific Heat (lots of energy is required to change temp/ cause evaporation

3) Ice Floats (ice is less dense than water and insulated bodies of water)

4) Versatile solvent ( polar molecules and ions are hydrophilic so they dissolve in water)

Question 14

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 14

Brings monomers together

Question 15

Hydrolysis

Answer 15

Breaks polymer into monomer

Question 16

Organic molecules

Answer 16

Contain carbon and are created by organisms

Question 17

Monomer

Answer 17

Small organic molecule

Question 18

Polymer

Answer 18

Large organic molecule

Question 19

Synthesis

Answer 19

Put together

Question 20

Lysis

Answer 20

Break apart

Question 21

4 categories of organic molecules

Answer 21

1) Carbohydrates
2) proteins
3) nucleic acid
4) lipids

Question 22

Carbohydrates

Answer 22

• # 1 energy source
• is a monosaccharide
• Ex: sugars like glucose and fructose

Question 23

Polysaccharide

Answer 23

Ex: starch, glycogen, cellulose

Question 24

Proteins

Answer 24

• Provide structural support and regulate metabolism
• monomer: amino acid
• polymer: polypeptide

Question 25

Nucleic acids

Answer 25

Store and transmit genetic info Monomer: nucleotide Polymer: polynucleotide (DNA and RNA)

Question 26

Lipids

Answer 26

NO monomer/ polymers Ex: triglycerides, wax, steroids, phospholipids Nonpolar/ hydrophobic

Question 27

Triglyceride

Answer 27

Formed from 3 fatty acids bonding by glycerol

Question 28

Why do our bodies need nutrients

Answer 28

To grow, repair, maintain homeostasis

Question 29

Simple carbohydrates

Answer 29

Sweets, soda, juices

Question 30

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 30

High in starch, pasta, bread, cereal, AND fiber

Question 31

Endothermic reactions

Answer 31

Store energy by forming bonds and produce LARGER and COMPLEX molecules

Question 32

Exothermic reactions

Answer 32

RELEASE energy by breaking bonds and produce SMALLER and SIMPLER molecules

Question 33

Enzyme

Answer 33

Protein that speeds up (catalyzes) by lowering the activation energy

Question 34

Substrate

Answer 34

The reactants that fit/bind into an enzyme active site

Question 35

Denature

Answer 35

Lose its shape

Question 36

ATP

Answer 36

Energy

Question 37

Metabolism

Answer 37

All the chemical rxns that occur in an organism/ system

Question 38

Energy coupling

Answer 38

Energy RELEASED from exothermic rxns used for endothermic Processes like: active transport

Question 39

3 things plant cells have but animals do NOT

Answer 39

Cell wall, Chloroplasts, and large central vacuole

Question 40

Prokaryotes

Answer 40

Archea and Bacteria DO NOT have membrane organelles

Question 41

Eukaryotes

Answer 41

Plants, animals, fungi, protists ARE MADE with organelles

Question 42

Identify the site of protein synthesis

Answer 42

Ribosomes

Question 43

Active transport

Answer 43

Solutes are being pumped against the concentration from low to high concentration

Question 44

The organelle responsible for lipid synthesis

Answer 44

ER

Question 45

What is found in animal cells but not plant cells

Answer 45

Lysosomes