bio

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

A species is a group of organisms who can reproduce to make fertile offspring.

Question 2

Continuous variation

Answer 2

Things we measure! Can have fractions or decimal points. (Eg. height, weight, etc.)

Question 3

Discontinuous variation

Answer 3

Things we count! Normally a whole number. (Eg. eye colour, blood type, etc.)

Question 4

3 thinks that influence variation

Answer 4

inheritance, mutations and enviroment

Question 5

DNA containts

Answer 5

Contains the instructions for the growth and function of all living things

Question 6

DNA’s shape and what it’s made off.

Answer 6

DNA is a double stranded helix shaped molecule made of things called nucleotides.

Question 7

What DNA backbon maade off?

Answer 7

From sugar phosphate

Question 8

Pairs of nucleotoid bases

Answer 8

Ademin always pairs with Thymine
Cystonine always pairs with Guanine

Question 9

1.A strand of DNA is called a ___
.2.Chromosomes are found in the ___.
3.A length of DNA that codes for a trait is called a ___.

Answer 9

1.Chromosome
2.Nucleus
3.Gene

Question 10

What should I do for extracting DNA?

Answer 10

Extracting the DNA

1. Place fruit in a Ziploc bag and mash for 3 minutes
2. Add 2 ml of water, a pinch of salt and 5 drops of washing up liquid
3. Gently mash for 3 minutes
4. Setup a clamp stand and filter funnel and filter the mixture into a clean beaker

Observing the DNA

5. Pour 10ml of filtered solution into a clean boiling tube
6. Slowly pour ethanol into the boiling tube. They need to be 2 separate layer, do not let them mix.
   7.Wait
7. Use a wooden splint remove any DNA that appears.

Question 11

Gene

Answer 11

A gene is a piece of DNA that controls one thing about an organism (eg. height)

Question 12

Allele

Answer 12

An allele is all the possible versions of a gene (eg. tall, medium, small etc)

Question 13

Phenotype
Genotype

Answer 13

Appearance of the organism
The alleles that lead to appearance

Question 14

The dominant (genoptype)
The recessive (genoptype)

Answer 14

Is the characteristic that shows up
Is often “hidden”

Question 15

Homozygous
Heterozygous

Answer 15

In genotype has only dominant/recessive
In genotype there are dominant and recessive

Question 16

Gametes

Answer 16

Sperm and egg cells

Question 17

4 stages of natural selection

Answer 17

1. Variation
2. Competition
3. Adaptations
4. Selection

Question 18

Variation

Answer 18

Differences between individuals within a species.

Question 19

Adaptation

Answer 19

Adjusting organisms to chnages in environments

Question 20

Natural selection

Answer 20

A process by which a species changes over time in to survive in a new conditions.

Question 21

Selection Pressure

Answer 21

External conditions which affect an organism’s ability to survive in a given environment.

Question 22

Control groups

Answer 22

A group of an experiment that doesn’t receive any treatment at all.

Question 23

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 23

Crating nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 24

Parts of the flower

Answer 24

Flower, stem, leaf, seed and roots

Question 25

Cotyledon

Answer 25

An embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants, which are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.

Question 26

Hypocotyl

Answer 26

The part of the stem of an embryo plant beneath the stalks of the seed leaves or cotyledons and directly above the root.

Question 27

Radicle

Answer 27

The part of a plant embryo that develops into the primary root.

Question 28

Epicotyl

Answer 28

The region of an embryo or seedling stem above the cotyledon.

Question 29

Seed coat

Answer 29

The hard protective outer covering of a seed.

Question 30

Respiration (plants)

Answer 30

The process of respiration in plants involves using the sugars produced during photosynthesis plus oxygen to produce energy for plant growth.

Question 31

Endosperm

Answer 31

The part of a seed which acts as a food store for the developing plant embryo

Question 31

Name of all reaserach phases

Answer 31

Research phase Planning phase Practical phase Analysis phase Conclusion

Question 32

Plumule

Answer 32

he shoot or bud of a plant embryo or seedling that is located between the cotyledons and grows into the stem and leaves.