bio

Question 1

state ways in which energy is wasted during transfer between trophic levels

Answer 1

not all pray is eaten
respiration
not all pray is digested
excretion of waste products

Question 2

describe the importance of fibre in the diet

Answer 2

prevents constipation

Question 3

state the cause of the disease scurvy

Answer 3

lack of vitamin C

Question 4

describe the difference between pollination and fertilisation

Answer 4

pollination Is the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
fertilisation is the fusion between two nuclei the female and male nucleus

Question 5

name the cell in the lease where most photosynthesis takes place and describe how its adapted

Answer 5

palisade cell which contains lots of chloroplast

Question 6

state two ways in which the plant uses glucose produced my photosynthesis

Answer 6

used in respiration to release energy
stored as starch

Question 7

state where inside the female reproductive system fertilisation takes place

Answer 7

oviduct

Question 8

state two functions of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice

Answer 8

killing of bacteria and pathogens
gives optimum PH for enzyme activity

Question 9

state the elements present in proteins

Answer 9

nitrogen oxygen hydrogen carbon

Question 10

state the features of the alveoli that allow efficient gas exchange

Answer 10

thin walls that are one cell thick
large surface area
good blood supply
good ventilation with air

Question 11

sate two diseases caused by tobacco smoking

Answer 11

lung cancer
coronary heart disease

Question 12

define the term ecosystem

Answer 12

all the organisms and their environment interacting together 0

Question 13

state the function of starch in plants

Answer 13

storage of energy

Question 14

define the term mechanical digestion

Answer 14

breaking of large food pieces into smaller pieces without chemical change

Question 15

describe examples of mechanical digestion in the human alimentary canal

Answer 15

chewing using teeth
churning action by stomach

Question 16

state one part of the alimentary canal where both lipase and protease are secreted

Answer 16

small intestine

Question 17

state the part of the alimentary canal where food is ingested

Answer 17

mouth

Question 18

state the function of magnesium ions in plants

Answer 18

used to make chlorophyll

Question 19

explain why the percentage of carbon dioxide is greater in expired air than inspired air

Answer 19

carbon dioxide is produced by the cells during respiration
carbon dioxide diffuses from blood into alveoli

Question 20

describe the advantages of phototropism

Answer 20

increases light intensity on the shoot for photosynthesis

Question 21

state the function of the amniotic fluid

Answer 21

acts as a mechanical shock absorber for protection

Question 22

explain why the heart rate increases during exercise

Answer 22

so that more oxygen and glucose are taken to the muscle and more energy is released from respiration so more carbon dioxide can be removed from the muscles

Question 23

define a hormone

Answer 23

a chemical substance produced by a gland, carried by blood which alters the activity of one or more specific target organs

Question 24

state the function of the enzyme amylase

Answer 24

breaks down starch into simple sugars

Question 25

describe how the placenta supports the growing fetus

Answer 25

allows movement of nutrients and oxygen from mother to the fetus waste products pass from the fetus placenta provides a barrier to toxins