BIO

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

The cell.

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy is called __________.

Answer 3

photosynthesis.

Question 4

What are the four main types of macromolecules found in living organisms?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a component of DNA? A) Adenine B) Thymine C) Uracil D) Cytosine

Answer 5

C) Uracil.

Question 6

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 6

To synthesize proteins.

Question 7

True or False: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Answer 8

To act as catalysts that speed up the reactions.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The genetic material in all living organisms is made up of __________.

Answer 9

DNA.

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which process do cells use to divide? A) Mitosis B) Photosynthesis C) Respiration D) Fermentation

Answer 10

A) Mitosis.

Question 11

What is homeostasis?

Answer 11

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism.

Question 12

True or False: Evolution is a process that occurs in individuals.

Answer 12

False.

Question 13

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Answer 13

To regulate what enters and exits the cell.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 14

Amino acids.

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? A) Nucleus B) Chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) Lysosome

Answer 15

B) Chloroplast.

Question 16

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus; eukaryotic cells do.

Question 17

True or False: All enzymes are proteins.

Answer 17

True.

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 18

To convert glucose into ATP (energy).

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 19

nucleus.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: What structure is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins? A) Ribosome B) Endoplasmic reticulum C) Golgi apparatus D) Lysosome

Answer 20

C) Golgi apparatus.

Question 21

What is the significance of the plasma membrane’s fluid mosaic model?

Answer 21

It describes the structure of the plasma membrane as flexible and composed of various proteins and lipids.

Question 22

True or False: The large central vacuole is found only in animal cells.

Answer 22

False.

Question 23

What is the process of transcription?

Answer 23

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: __________ are responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood.

Answer 24

Red blood cells.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of connective tissue? A) Muscle B) Neuron C) Adipose D) Epithelial

Answer 25

C) Adipose.

Question 26

What is the role of the immune system?

Answer 26

To defend the body against pathogens.

Question 27

What is an order of magnitude?

Answer 27

An order of magnitude is a class of scale or size that is a factor of ten.

Question 28

True or False: An order of magnitude increase means multiplying by 10.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The human body contains approximately _____ cells.

Answer 29

37 trillion

Question 30

What is the approximate size of a typical human cell in micrometers?

Answer 30

10-30 micrometers

Question 31

Multiple choice: Which of the following is an order of magnitude smaller than a millimeter?

Answer 31

Micrometer

Question 32

What is the order of magnitude of a bacterium's size?

Answer 32

1-10 micrometers

Question 33

True or False: A nanometer is 1/1,000,000,000 of a meter.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

How many nanometers are in a micrometer?

Answer 34

1,000 nanometers

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The average diameter of a red blood cell is about _____ micrometers.

Answer 35

7-8

Question 36

What is the order of magnitude of the average size of viruses?

Answer 36

20-300 nanometers

Question 37

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT an example of a biological structure measured in nanometers?

Answer 37

Human hair

Question 38

What is the approximate number of bacteria in a gram of soil?

Answer 38

1 billion

Question 39

True or False: An order of magnitude can also refer to differences in population size.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The order of magnitude of a typical plant cell is around _____ micrometers.

Answer 40

10-100

Question 41

What is the size range of animal cells in micrometers?

Answer 41

10-30 micrometers

Question 42

Multiple choice: Which is larger, a human hair or a red blood cell?

Answer 42

Human hair

Question 43

What is the order of magnitude of the size of a typical human egg cell?

Answer 43

100 micrometers

Question 44

True or False: The size of cells can vary significantly between different organisms.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Fill in the blank: A typical virus is about _____ times smaller than a typical bacterium.

Answer 45

10-100

Question 46

What is the approximate number of cells in the human brain?

Answer 46

86 billion

Question 47

Multiple choice: Which of the following is the largest order of magnitude?

Answer 47

Human body

Question 48

What is the size of a typical plant cell in micrometers?

Answer 48

10-100 micrometers

Question 49

True or False: All cells are of the same size.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The typical size range of a eukaryotic cell is _____ micrometers.

Answer 50

10-100

Question 51

What is the order of magnitude of the number of cells in a fruit fly?

Answer 51

1 million

Question 52

Multiple choice: Which structure is typically around 1 nanometer in size?

Answer 52

DNA helix

Question 53

What are proteins made of?

Answer 53

Amino acids.

Question 54

True or False: Proteins are only found in animal cells.

Answer 54

False.

Question 55

What is the primary function of enzymes?

Answer 55

To catalyze biochemical reactions.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The sequence of amino acids in a protein is known as its _____ structure.

Answer 56

primary.

Question 57

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 57

To synthesize proteins.

Question 58

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 58

Mitochondria.

Question 59

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A) Structural support B) Energy storage C) Catalyzing reactions D) DNA replication

Answer 59

D) DNA replication.

Question 60

What type of bond links amino acids together?

Answer 60

Peptide bond.

Question 61

True or False: All proteins function as enzymes.

Answer 61

False.

Question 62

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 62

To synthesize proteins and lipids.

Question 63

Fill in the blank: The tertiary structure of a protein is determined by its _____ interactions.

Answer 63

chemical.

Question 64

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 64

To modify, sort, and package proteins.

Question 65

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials? A) Lysosome B) Ribosome C) Nucleus D) Chloroplast

Answer 65

A) Lysosome.

Question 66

What are the four levels of protein structure?

Answer 66

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Question 67

True or False: Proteins are only composed of 20 different amino acids.

Answer 67

True.

Question 68

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 68

To conduct photosynthesis in plant cells.

Question 69

Fill in the blank: The _____ structure of a protein involves the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains.

Answer 69

quaternary.

Question 70

What type of proteins facilitate the movement of substances across cell membranes?

Answer 70

Transport proteins.

Question 71

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in energy production? A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Ribosome D) Golgi apparatus

Answer 71

B) Mitochondria.

Question 72

What are chaperone proteins?

Answer 72

Proteins that assist in the proper folding of other proteins.

Question 73

True or False: All proteins are soluble in water.

Answer 73

False.

Question 74

What is the primary role of structural proteins?

Answer 74

To provide support and shape to cells and tissues.

Question 75

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the control center of the cell that contains genetic material.

Answer 75

nucleus.

Question 76

What is the role of the cytoplasm?

Answer 76

To hold organelles and facilitate cellular processes.

Question 77

Multiple Choice: Which protein structure is primarily stabilized by hydrogen bonds? A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Quaternary

Answer 77

B) Secondary.

Question 78

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 78

To maintain cell shape and facilitate movement.