Bio 224A Cardio

Question 1

the pulmonary circuit involves blood flow form the heart to and from the

Answer 1

Lungs

Question 2

What is the function of the valves in the heart

Answer 2

Prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Question 3

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base

Answer 3

Pulmonary trunk

Question 4

What vessels deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium

Answer 4

Pulmonary veins

Question 5

During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cell

Answer 5

Plateau phase

Question 6

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart

Answer 6

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 7

The P-wave on a ECG represent the depolarization of the cells in the

Answer 7

Artia

Question 8

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate?

Answer 8

R-R interval

Question 9

The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about

Answer 9

50 ml

Question 10

What two values are needed in order to calculate cradiac output for ventricle

Answer 10

Stroke volume and heart rate

Question 11

The degree of stretch experienced by the sarcomeres in the ventricles cells before they contract is called

Answer 11

preload

Question 12

Which of the following decreases heart rate

Answer 12

acetylcholine

Question 13

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the

Answer 13

Tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

Question 14

A damaged Av bundle or Av node will primarily affect the length of the

Answer 14

P-R interval

Question 15

Calculate the end-systolic volume if the end diastolic volume in a resting heart is 110 ml and stroke volume is 70 ml

Answer 15

40 ml

Question 16

Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter?

Answer 16

Metarteriole

Question 17

Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses?

Answer 17

Collaterals

Question 18

Which blood vessels handle the highest BP?

Answer 18

Systemic arteries

Question 19

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure ( MAP)?

Answer 19

Diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

Question 20

Which of the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor?

Answer 20

Decreased blood oxygen concentration

Question 21

What hormone is released to decrease bp?

Answer 21

Atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP)

Question 22

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary?

Answer 22

Transcytosis

Question 23

Which capillary would be leat likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctaions that join the endothelial cells

Answer 23

Continuous capillaries

Question 24

Which pressure is created by the presence of large protiens in the blood , such as albumin?

Answer 24

Colloid osmotic pressure

Question 25

Which of the following is not an artery that branches off the aortic arch?

Answer 25

Right subclavian artery

Question 26

Which artery supplies the small intestine with blood?

Answer 26

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 27

Into which vein does blood in the external jugualr vein drain

Answer 27

Subclavian vein

Question 28

determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end pf the capillary

Answer 28

Water is pushed of the capillary by filtration

Question 29

Damage to the external iliac artery will affect delivery of the blood to the

Answer 29

Lower limb

Question 30

determine the mean arterial pressure given a systolic pressure of 130 mm hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm hg

Answer 30

90 mm hg

Question 31

Systole

Answer 31

Period in which the heart is contracting

Question 32

Lumen

Answer 32

Space enclosed by a hollow organ

Question 33

Diastole

Answer 33

Heart is relaxing

Question 34

Hepatic portal system

Answer 34

Smallest arterioles that directly feed capillaries in many tissue

Question 35

Cardiac output

Answer 35

Vloume of blood pumped into the pulmonary and systemic circuits in one minute

Question 36

Epinephrine

Answer 36

Hormone released by adrenal medulla and that is also released as a neurotransmitter by certain neurons in sympathetic nervous system

Question 37

SA Node

Answer 37

Pacemaker cells in the superior right atrium that normally sets the pace for the heart

Question 38

Plateau phase

Answer 38

Cardiac action potential during which clacium ions enter cardiac muscl cell as potassium ions exit the cell

Question 39

P-wave

Answer 39

Depolarization of the atria

Question 40

T-wave

Answer 40

Represents repolarization of the ventricles

Question 41

Afterload

Answer 41

Right and left ventricles must overcome in order to eject blood into thier respective arteries

Question 42

Frank starling law

Answer 42

ventrcular muscle cell of the heart contracts more forefully when it is stretched

Question 43

Norepinephrine

Answer 43

Neurotransmitter released by neurons of sympathetic NS and also released in small amounts by adrenal medulla

Question 44

Heart sounds

Answer 44

Noises heard during auscultation of the heart that are caused by vibrations of the ventricular wall when the vales close

Question 45

Metarterioles

Answer 45

Smallest arterioles that directly feed capillaries in many tissue

Question 46

AV bundles

Answer 46

first component of the hearts purkinje fiber system that propagates action potentials from the ventricles

Question 47

Bundle of his

Question 48

Asystole

Answer 48

A condition in which there is no electrical activity in the heart resulting in flattened line on ECG

Question 49

Pectinate muscles

Answer 49

Muscular ridges on the interior surface of the anterior artia (Right atrium)

Question 50

Muscular arteries

Answer 50

medium sized that control blood flow to organs and have a think tunica media and large amount of smooth muscle

Question 51

Dysrhythmia

Answer 51

Any disturbance in the electrical rhythm of the heart

Question 52

Pericardium

Answer 52

Outer layer of the heart wall

Question 53

Vasoconstriction

Answer 53

Narrowing blood vessel due to contraction of vascualr smooth muscle

Question 54

Baroreceptors

Answer 54

Internal sensory receptor that detect pressure

Question 55

Continuous capillaries

Answer 55

Least leaky type, joined by tight junction

Question 56

QRS complex

Answer 56

Second wave in ECG; rep. depolarization of the ventricles

Question 57

Purkinje fiber system

Answer 57

Pacemaker cells ( Atypical) located in the ventricles

Question 57

Isovolumetric contraction

Answer 57

cardiac cycle which ventricles are contracting but thier vloume does not change becasue pressure is not high enough to open semilunar valves