Bio Ch: 8 Vocab Flashcards
(34 cards)
The totality of an organisms chemical reactions; emergent property of life that arises fo interactions between molecules within the cell
Metabolism
the study of how organisms manage their energy resources
Bioenergetics
A pathway that breaks down complex molecules and releases energy
Catabolic pathway
A pathway that builds complicated molecules, consumes energy, synthesizes proteins, and requires energy
Anabolic pathway
the capacity to cause change or do work
Energy
energy associated with motion
Kinetic energy
energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure
Potential energy
potential energy that is available for release in a chemical reaction
Chemical energy
the energy of the universe is constant
1st law of thermodynamics
Study of energy transformation
Thermodynamics
Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy/ disorder of the universe
2nd law of thermodynamics
Measure of disorder
entropy
measure of a systems instability, its tendency to change to a more stable state
Free energy
kinetic energy associated with random movement of atoms or molecules
Heat energy
∆
change in
a reaction has a positive ∆G, the products have more free energy than the reactants, does not proceed spontaneously, and requires the input of energy
Endergonic reaction
has a negative ∆G, products have less free energy than the reactants, can proceed spontaneously, and energy is released during reaction
Exergonic reaction
3 types of cellular work
- Mechanical
- Chemical
- Transport
the use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one
energy coupling
the cells main energy shuttle
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
energy required to de-stabalize the exiting chemical bonds
Activation energy
help stress bonds lower the activation energy required to start a reaction
Enzymes (catalysts)
the reactant an enzyme acts on
Substrate
binds to the substrate forming an enzyme- substrate complex
Enzyme
