Bio chapter 13

Question 1

What is The goal of genetic engineering?

Answer 1

Produce organisms with desirable traits

Question 2

How does selective breeding work?

Answer 2

Breed two parents with a desired trait and look for offspring with that trait

Question 3

What is a transgenic organism?

Answer 3

Something with genes from another organism. Example, tobacco plant with a Gene making it glow in the dark

Question 4

What are two types of Genetic engineering?

Answer 4

1. Transgenic organisms

2. Cloning

Question 5

What is the goal of a geneticist?

Answer 5

Create organisms with desirable traits

Question 6

What are The two ways geneticists produce organisms with desirable traits?

Answer 6

1. Selective breeding (inbreeding, hybridization)

2. Genetic engineering (Making artificial in the DNA of organisms)

Question 7

How do you separate DNA

Answer 7

Gel electrophoresis

Question 8

Polymerase chain reaction

Answer 8

MKes multiple copies of genes

Question 9

Recombinant DNA

Answer 9

Made of two different organisms ( for example DNA that contains bacteria and human DNA)

Question 10

Transforming bacteria example?

Answer 10

Insulin, human growth hormone HGH

Question 11

what is a disadvantage of inbreeding?

Answer 11

There is a high chance that two recessive Alleles Will be brought together for a genetic disorder

Question 12

What is hybridization

Answer 12

Breeding organisms with different desirable traits to produce offspring with both traits

Question 13

Are most garden crops the product of hybridization or selective breeding

Answer 13

Hybridization

Question 14

What resistant crop did Luther Burbank create?

Answer 14

Burbank potato

Question 15

What was important about the Burbank potato?

Answer 15

It helped Ireland recover from the great potato famine

Question 16

What two things does genetic engineering involve?

Answer 16

1. DNA extraction (taking DNA out of a cell)

2. Cutting DNA to remove genes

Question 17

What is DNA extraction?

Answer 17

Part of genetic engineering. Involves taking DNA out of a cell

Question 18

How do genes band on to other cells?

Answer 18

Because they have sticky ends

Question 19

What are the two ways geneticist accomplish their goal of producing organisms with desirable traits?

Answer 19

1. Selective breeding, this includes inbreeding, Hybridization
2. Genetic engineering

Question 20

Why are inbred offspring more likely to have desired traits?

Answer 20

The parents are so genetically similar

Question 21

What is an advantage of inbreeding?

Answer 21

Offspring are more likely to have the desired trait.

Question 22

What is inbreeding?

Answer 22

Breeding closely related organisms with the same desired trait. Example: purebred dogs

Question 23

What are two types of selective breeding?

Answer 23

1. Inbreeding

2. Hybridization

Question 23

Are Most garden crops hybrid crops or inbred crops?

Answer 23

Hybrid

Question 23

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 23

Making changes in the DNA of organisms

Question 23

How are genes removed from DNA?

Answer 23

By restricting enzymes

Question 23

What does DNA sequencing allow scientist to do?

Answer 23

1. Study specific genes 2. Compare the similarity of genes between species 3. . Better understand mutations in genes, possibly to fix them?

Question 23

The more similar the branding pattern the more _______ the two organisms that are being compared are

Answer 23

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