bio chp 8 Flashcards
(27 cards)
what is digestion
capacity to break down food into smaller substances that can be used in the body
what digestion takes place in the mouth?
chemical and mechanical digestion using teeth and tounge.
teeth uses __________ digestion when chewing.
mechanical / physical
the tounge mixes food using the __________, using ____________ digestion.
saliva, chemical
what does saliva do
it makes it easy to swallow by making it slippery and it uses an enzyme called salivary amylase to breakdown the starch into simpler sugar
what does the oesophagus/gullet do
it contracts and relaxes to help swallow the food.
what is the movement in the oesophagus called
peristalic movement
what is the j shaped organ
stomach
what are the 3 things preset in stomach
hcl, pepsin and mucus
what do hcl, pepsin and mucus do
hcl kills the micro organisms in food. pepsin breaks protein into amino acids. mucus protects the lining of the stomach from the acids
what does the liver do
it makes bile , emulsifies fat and activates lipase
what does the gall bladder do
it stores the bile from the liver
what juices are present in the pancreas
amylase- breakdown of starch (carbohydrase)
pepsin- breakdown of protein (protease)
lipase- breakdown of fats
what is the longest part of your gut
small intestine
what is rectum
a pouch that stores faeces (waste product. mix of fiber and bacteria)
what is the anus
it throws out the undigested food.
what takes place in the large intestine
only fibre and bacteria remains here to make vitamins. water is absorbed
what is a catalyst
chemicals that speed up chemical reactions
what is another term for enzymes
biological catalysts
what are enzymes made of
they are catalysts made of living things
what does carbohydrase do
it breaks down starch into simpler sugars
what does protease do
it breaks down protein into amino acids
what does lipase do
it breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol
where is carbohydrase present
in saliva and pancreas
