bio exam 1

Question 1

convenience

Answer 1

easier to think and talk about organisms

Question 2

cladistics

Answer 2

phylogenetic systematics

Question 3

biological species concept

Answer 3

a group of individuals that can successfully breed with each other but not with other groups

Question 4

closely related

Answer 4

sharing a recent common ancestor

Question 5

population

Answer 5

a group of individuals of one species living in an area

Question 6

community

Answer 6

individuals of several species living in an area

Question 7

ecosystem

Answer 7

a particular set of species living in an area and interacting together with the non-living environment

Question 8

primitive

Answer 8

ancient/a species or group that evolved a long time ago and is similar to the ancestor of the whole group being studied

Question 9

derived

Answer 9

a species or group that evolved recently and is not similar to ancestor of group being studied

Question 10

evolution

Answer 10

a change over time

Question 11

biological evolution

Answer 11

changed in characteristics of organisms over time

Question 12

microevolution

Answer 12

small changes in traits of one species over short time spans

Question 13

macro evolution

Answer 13

large changes, including the formation of new species, over long time spans

Question 14

theory

Answer 14

an explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that has been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment

Question 15

allopatric speciation

Answer 15

one large population is geographically separated into two or more isolated populations by some sort of a barrier

Question 16

gene flow

Answer 16

flow of dna between population driven by movement of individuals

Question 17

primitive

Answer 17

ancient, broke off main line early

Question 18

clade

Answer 18

ancestor, all of its descendants group

Question 19

monophyletic

Answer 19

if it includes an ancestor and al of its decendants

Question 20

cytoskeleton

Answer 20

protein fibers inside a cell that support cell and guide movement of organelles

Question 21

organelle

Answer 21

structure within a cell that has a specific function

Question 22

cyst

Answer 22

A bacterium with a heavy cell wall that can survive harsh conditions

Question 23

aerobic

Answer 23

oxygen present

Question 24

anaerobic

Answer 24

oxygen absent

Question 25

obligate aerobic

Answer 25

must have oxygen

Question 26

obligate anaerobic

Answer 26

must have no oxygen

Question 27

facultative aerobic

Answer 27

can survive with or without oxygen

Question 28

autotroph

Answer 28

“self-feeding” energy & C comes from abiotic

Question 29

heterotroph

Answer 29

“other feeding” energy & C comes from molecules produced by other organisms

Question 30

photoautotrophic

Answer 30

energy from sunlight C from abiotic plants, bacteria, protistans

Question 31

chemoautotrophic

Answer 31

chemicals from abiotic sources used for energy in and C

Question 32

chemoheterotrophic

Answer 32

energy and carbon from molecules created by other organisms bacteria, us, animals, fungi, protistans, plants

Question 33

photoheterotrophic

Answer 33

energy from sun carbon from molecules produced by other organisms bacteria only

Question 34

antibiotics

Answer 34

chemicals used to treat bacterial diseases