bio exam

Question 1

what is the overall purpose of the digestive system

Answer 1

to break down nutrient molecules that we take in into absorbable molecules to provide energy for our body for growth, repair, movement etc.

Question 2

why do living organisms need food

Answer 2

the organisms require food because its breakdown releases energy and the nutrients support proper growth and development

Question 3

stomach

Answer 3

takes food from the esophagus and breaks down the food then passes it on to the small intestine

Question 4

large intestines

Answer 4

absorbs water and electrolytes and produces/absorbs vitamins. propells feces toward the rectum for elimination

Question 5

small intestines

Answer 5

helps further digest food coming from the stomach which absorbs nutrients for the body

Question 6

pancreas

Answer 6

produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels and produces enzyme that breaks down proteins and produces sodium bicarbonate

Question 7

gallbladder

Answer 7

stores and concentrates bile from the liver, bile released into small intestine helps body breakdown food

Question 8

esophagus

Answer 8

allow for the passage of material from the mouth and throat to stomach

Question 9

epiglottis

Answer 9

allowing air to pass into the larynx and lungs. When a person swallows the epiglottis folds backward to cover the entrance of the larynx so food and liquid do not enter the windpipe and lungs

Question 10

where does digestion begin

Answer 10

digestion begins in the mouth. saliva in the mouth as well as chewing from teeth helps breakdown carbs into sugars

Question 11

difference between chemical and mechanical digestion in the mouth/stomach

Answer 11

chemical- saliva, contains enzyme salivaly amylase(mouth). oxyntic glands and pyloric glands(stomach)
mechanical- grinding of food into smaller pieces by the teeth(mouth), occurs via peristaltic contractions of the smooth muscle from the fundus towards the contracted pylorus, termed propulsion(stomach)

Question 12

where is pepsin found/how does it break down

Answer 12

found in stomach, breaks down protein

Question 13

where is amylase found/how does it break down

Answer 13

found in spit/saliva/mouth, breaks down carbs

Question 14

what is peristalsis/which organ does it

Answer 14

squishing of food through digestive tract, esophagus

Question 15

absorption in digestive system

Answer 15

products of digestion are absorbed by the blood to be supplied to rest of body

Question 16

ingestion in digestive system

Answer 16

take in food through mouth, has to happen 1st

Question 17

elimination in digestive system

Answer 17

the removal of indigestible wastes through the anus in form of feces

Question 18

digestion in digestive system

Answer 18

converts the foods we eat into their simplest form. broken down food absorbed into bloodstream from small intestine and nutrients carried throughout body

Question 19

what is overall function of the circulatory system

Answer 19

delievers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away waste, the heart pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated on diff sides

Question 20

list the path of blood flow through the heart

Answer 20

1. artery
2. arterioles
3. capillary
4. venules
5. vein

Question 21

artery

Answer 21

carries oxygen and nutrient rich blood all throughout body

Question 22

vein

Answer 22

carries oxygen poor blood to heart, carries oxygen rich blood from lungs to heart

Question 23

capillary

Answer 23

connects arteries to veins

Question 24

arterioles

Answer 24

contracts blood flow and pressure connects arteries to cappilaries

Question 25

venules

Answer 25

connects cappilaries to veins

Question 26

what is purpose of the septum

Answer 26

middle, meaty part of the heart, separating oxygenated/deoxygenated blood

Question 27

what is overall purpose of the respiratory system

Answer 27

takes up oxygen from the air we breathe and expels the unwanted carbon dioxide.

Question 28

how does oxygen enter your body? right in correct order bronchioles, lungs, alveoli, bronchi, blood

Answer 28

1. bronchi 2. lungs 3. bronchioles 4. alveoli 5. blood

Question 29

3 diseases smoking can cause and what are they

Answer 29

- lung disease: prevents lungs from working properly, not enough oxygen is getting to lungs - cancer: some of the body cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of body - stroke: occurs when something blocks blood supply to part of brain or when a vessel in brain bursts

Question 30

what are two gases involved in respiratory system

Answer 30

carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 31

what is the function of diaphragm? when you inhale, which way does it move? and when you enhale?

Answer 31

diaphragm contracts and relaxes muscle that allows us to breathe

Question 32

what is overall function of the urinary system

Answer 32

filtration and collection of waste

Question 33

kidneys

Answer 33

remove access water, urea and metabolic wastes from the blood, execrete urine too

Question 34

bladder

Answer 34

where urine is stored before or until it is released through the urethra

Question 35

ureters

Answer 35

transport urine from the kidneys to urinary bladder where urine is stored until it is released through urethra

Question 36

urethra

Answer 36

where urine is excreted or released

Question 37

how are all the system connected

Answer 37

Your circulatory system carries oxygen, water, and nutrients to cells throughout your body. Wastes from the cells are eliminated by your respiratory system, your excretory system, and your skin. Your nervous system controls all these activities with electrical impulses.

Question 38

what is the overall function of the nervous system

Answer 38

helps all the parts of the body to communicate