Bio Exam Possible Questions Flashcards
What kind of plant is especially endangered by poaching or over harvesting?
Attractive Desert Ornamentals, like succulents and cacti
Please give definition/characteristic AND an example of r-selected species and k-selected species
r-selected species: high growth rates, low survivability, low care, large number of offspring (rabbits, insects, mice)
k-selected species: focus energy on growth and maintenance. low number offspring, longer lifespans (elephants)
Which of k or r species is more likely to be threatened by overexploitation?
K selected species
Overexploitation of what kind of species is most likely to have many indirect effects across an ecosystem?
keystone species
Exploitation of what abiotic resource can endanger species and entire ecosystems?
water
We learned about four categories of species that are important in various ways to conservation. These categories often have example species that work for more than one category. How is the African Elephant an example of
1. flagship species
2. keystone species
3. umbrella species
Flagship: elephants are charismatic and hence are used in conservation campaigns
Keystone: African Elephants play a critical ecological role that disproportionately impacts the structure and function of their environment. They modify their habitats in ways that benefit many other species.
Umbrella Species: given their importance, protecting these elephants could protect multiple other species
Which of these is a metric that measures species diversity in an area, using species richness and relative abundance?
Shannon Diversity Index
The California Floristic Province has thousands of endemic plant species, most of which are threatened by severe habitat loss. Percentage of habitat loss is major priority under which strategy?
Biodiversity Hotspots
What is an example of species that has recovered in total numbers, but lacks genetic diversity as a legacy of past decline?
the elephant seal
Can you name a plant species we learned about in lecture and also saw at the California Botanic Garden? Why did we learn about it?
Joshua Tree, we learned about it as a flagship species and also how they have problems germinating now
One of the most common plants at BFS is also used in traditional medicines and cultural practices of local peoples. It is also in the same genus as a plant is used to produce absinthe, the hallucinogenic alcoholic drink. What is this plant?
coastal sage brush
The Island Biogeography Model
is used in the study of succession on islands
includes immigration and extinction rates
can be useful in examining the effects of fragmentation
has been criticized by proponents of landscape ecology as too simplistic
ALL OF THE ABOVE
The rare plant German gentian, was presented as example in contrast to that of the Old World swallowtail Butterly. Examining genetic diversity of populations of these species tells us
There is limited gene flow between population of the plant, which makes conversing separate distinct populations more important than in the case of the butterfly
What are 4 benefits using native plants in greenspaces?
- they provide food and shelter for wildlife
- they promote biodiversity
- they are beautiful and increase scenic value
- they do not need too many fertilizers, which preserves soil health
What is the single biggest threat facing most endangered aquatic species, especially fish?
Overexploitation
In Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Macbeth, eye of newt, toe of frog, and wolf’s tongue are likely really
Common names of plants or parts of plants
Each of these are parameters that determine classes of rarity except
Genetic Drift
3 determinants are geographical range, population size, habitat specificity
The Red Wolf, was an example of
- A case where taxonomic information is important to conservation protection
- A situation in which hybridization could lead to extinction
- Using captive breeding, a type of ex situ conservation
ALL OF THE ABOVE
What is true about minimum viable population?
While a useful concept, it is hard to predict in practice and varies with numerous factors
Translocation can be a beneficial conversation action but additional factors must be considered. Which of the following challenges could arise when translocating individuals from one population to another?
- Inability of the introduced species to mate with the existing population
- Production of infertile offspring
- Adding new alleles that were not selected for in the local environment
ALL OF THE ABOVE
Urban Sites that have been developed upon previously and are home to a mix of native and nonnative species are called?
Brownfield sites
The Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing
- Is the world’s largest planned wildlife crossing
- Crosses the 101 freeway, connected two protected areas
- Will benefit many types of animals
- Was funded by a mix of private donations, NGOs, and public funds set aside for conversation
ALL OF THE ABOVE
One of the key mascots for this endeavor (Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing), P22 was a member of what species?
Mountain Lion
P22 was an example of a _____ species: charismatic and well known, possibly culturally important, featuring in conservation campaigns
Flagship
