Bio Final

Question 1

Define ecology

Answer 1

Study of how living things interact with each other and the environment

Question 2

What r biotic factors

Answer 2

The living aspects of an environment

Question 3

What r abiotic factors

Answer 3

Non living aspects of environment

Question 4

Whats the levels of ecological organization

Answer 4

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Question 5

Define habitat

Answer 5

The physical environment a species lives in

Question 6

Whats a niche

Answer 6

Refers to the role of a species

Question 7

Whats the energy source for most ecosystems

Answer 7

The sun

Question 8

Whats an autotroph

Answer 8

An organism that can produce its own food using light, water, and carbon dioxide, like plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 9

Whats a heterotroph

Answer 9

An organism that cant produce its own food and relies on others, also called consumers

Question 10

Whats the role of decomposers in energy flow

Answer 10

Break down dead plants and animals and waste and releases nutrients into the soil

Question 11

Whats a food chain

Answer 11

A single pathway energy and matter flow through organisms

Question 12

What r primary producers

Answer 12

Producers that make their own food

Question 13

What r primary consumers

Answer 13

Consumers that cant make their own food and rely on others

Question 14

Whats a food web

Answer 14

Represents multiple pathways, while a food chain has 1

Question 15

What r trophic levels

Answer 15

A step in the food chain/web of an ecosystem

Question 16

Whats the energy transfer between tropic levels

Answer 16

Energy decreases as you move up

Question 17

What are factors that determine a biome

Answer 17

Climate

Question 18

What does climate influence on biomes

Answer 18

Climate affects where buome are from

Question 19

What the difference between weather and climate

Answer 19

Weather is the short term conditions while climate is the overall average of conditions

Question 20

What are the major terrestrial biomes

Answer 20

Tundra, taiga, desert, rainforest, savanna, temperate rainforest

Question 21

What are adaptions in the tundra

Answer 21

Thick fur, hibernation, migration, camouflage

Question 22

Explain a rainforest biomes and biodiversity

Answer 22

Supports high biodiversity due to climate layers, rich resources, and complex ecosystem

Question 23

What r the types of aquatic biomes

Answer 23

Salt and freshwater

Question 24

Whats the difference between saltwater and freshwater biomes

Answer 24

Differ in salinity, plant life, ecosystem size, and depth

Question 25

What are the key abiotic factors in aquatic biomes

Answer 25

Temp, salinity, nutrient availability, weather, oxygen dissolved

Question 26

What are wetlands

Answer 26

Saturated with water, supporting various ecosystems

Question 27

Whats the importance of wetlands

Answer 27

Nitrogen cycle, flood control, water filtration, biodiversity

Question 28

What are some examples of freshwater biomes

Answer 28

Lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, wetlands

Question 29

Whats population

Answer 29

Total number of people of a species in a specific area

Question 30

What are factors affecting population size

Answer 30

Birth rate, death rate, diseases, resources, immigration, conditions, human activities

Question 31

Whats an age structure

Answer 31

Distribution of people of different ages within a population

Question 32

Whats exponential growth

Answer 32

Something increases at a rate proportional to its current value, rapid growth

Question 33

Whats carrying capacity

Answer 33

Max number of people in a space

Question 34

Exponential vs logistical

Answer 34

Expo- constant rate over time, J shaped curve Log- grows slow as it approaches max, s shaped curve

Question 35

What are density dependent factors

Answer 35

Factors caused by population density (competition for food, disease)

Question 36

What r density independent factors

Answer 36

Factors that exist regardless of population (natural disasters)

Question 37

What’s biodiversity

Answer 37

The variety of life found on earth

Question 38

Whats the importance of biodiversity

Answer 38

Stability, resources, balance, adaptation

Question 39

Whats the human impact on biodiversity

Answer 39

Habitat destruction, pollution, climate change

Question 40

Whats mass extinction

Answer 40

A large number of species become extinct in a relatively short period of time

Question 42

What r renewable resources

Answer 42

Can be replaced natural over a short period of time

Question 43

What r nonrenewable resources

Answer 43

Resources that takes millions of years to reform

Question 44

What causes soil degradation

Answer 44

Erosion, deforestation, overgrazing, urbanization

Question 45

What are common sources of water pollution

Answer 45

Industrial waste, agricultural runoff, sewage and wastewater

Question 46

What are major types of air pollutan

Answer 46

Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone

Question 47

What are air pollution effects on human health

Answer 47

Respiratory issues, allergies, and irratation

Question 48

Whats global warming

Answer 48

The gradual increase in earths average surface temp due to buildup of greenhouse gases

Question 49

Whats the greenhouse effect

Answer 49

Gases in the earths atmosphere that trap heat

Question 50

Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

Answer 50

Prokaryotes dont have a nucleus while eukaryotes do

Question 51

What an archaeas habitat

Answer 51

Extremed environments

Question 52

Whats the difference between archaea and bacteria

Answer 52

They have diff chemical composition in the membrane

Question 53

What are the bacterial shapes

Answer 53

Spherical, rod, and spiral

Question 54

How do bacteria reproduce

Answer 54

Binary fission

Question 55

How do bacteria get energy

Answer 55

Photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, heterotrophy, fermentation

Question 56

Whats a virus

Answer 56

Tiny infectious agent that can only replicate inside of a hosts cells