Bio Final 201-300

Question 1

the type of joint illustrated between the atlas and the axis is a

Answer 1

pivot

Question 2

a hinge joint is located in the

Answer 2

elbow

Question 3

a band of connective tissue between the fleshy portion of a muscle and a bone is

Answer 3

tendon

Question 4

a secretion that lubricates a joint and acts as a shock absorber is

Answer 4

synovial fluid

Question 5

when you write your answer to this question, the muscles that move your fingers are

Answer 5

skeletal muscles

Question 6

smooth muscle is what kind of muscle

Answer 6

involuntary muscle

Question 7

myofibrils are fine threads that make up

Answer 7

muscle fibers

Question 8

the ATP molecule provides what

Answer 8

energy

Question 9

the two structural protein filaments found in muscle cells are

Answer 9

actin and myosin

Question 10

a movement toward the midline of the body is done by an

Answer 10

adduction

Question 11

the biceps brachii is antagonistic to the

Answer 11

triceps brachii

Question 12

a muscle that decreases the angle of a joint is called a

Answer 12

flexor

Question 13

the masseter would aid one most in

Answer 13

chewing

Question 14

the muscle that would adduct the thigh from a wide foot base would have its origin on the

Answer 14

ischium

Question 15

the pectoralis major would help you most in

Answer 15

pushups

Question 16

a person who uses his gastrocnemius will have well developed

Answer 16

calves

Question 17

the rectus abdominis would help you most in

Answer 17

sit ups

Question 18

after a great deal of exercise the soreness of muscles is caused in part by a build up of

Answer 18

lactic acid

Question 19

a broken bone that protrudes through the skin is known as what kind of fracture

Answer 19

complete compound fracture

Question 20

the voice box is another name for the

Answer 20

larynx

Question 21

the mouth cavity is separated from the nasal cavity by the

Answer 21

palate

Question 22

the trachea just before entering the lungs divides into two

Answer 22

bronchi

Question 23

the microscopic sacs in the lungs where blood exchanges gases are the

Answer 23

alveoli

Question 24

the membrane that covers the lungs is called the

Answer 24

plura

Question 25

hemoglobin is the normal carrier of most of the

Answer 25

oxygen

Question 26

the forging of air from the lungs is called

Answer 26

expiration

Question 27

what forms the strongest bond with hemoglobin

Answer 27

carbon monoxide

Question 28

what percentage of people who suffer from lung cancer are smokers

Answer 28

99

Question 29

when oxygen combines with the red pigment molecule in the RBC it is called

Answer 29

oxyhemoglobin

Question 30

what are the functions of the nasal passages

Answer 30

warms, filters, moistens air

Question 31

name all the organs of the alimentary canal

Answer 31

``` mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine ```

Question 32

the hard material that covers the crown of the tooth is the

Answer 32

enamel

Question 33

the wavelike contractions of the alimentary canal that move food along are called

Answer 33

peristalsis

Question 34

the semiliquid material in the stomach is called

Answer 34

chyme

Question 35

microscopic fingerlike structures that increase the surface area of the small intestine and contain blood and lymph vessels are the

Answer 35

villi

Question 36

what is the main function of the esophagus

Answer 36

move liquids to stomach

Question 37

most food absorption and digestion occurs mainly where

Answer 37

small intestine

Question 38

the passing of food from the stomach into the small intestine is controlled by what

Answer 38

pyloric sphincter

Question 39

the portion of the small intestine in which the stomach empties is the

Answer 39

duodenum

Question 40

what is the function of the small intestine

Answer 40

digest and absorb food

Question 41

what are the functions of the liver

Answer 41

removes toxins, turns glucose into fat, stores vitamins, iron and copper

Question 42

much of the water in the digestive process is reabsorbed in where

Answer 42

large intestine

Question 43

substance essential to the body because it dissolves certain foods and aids in regulating fluid balance, pH level, and body temperature is what

Answer 43

water

Question 44

salivary enzymes begin the breaking down of what

Answer 44

starches

Question 45

pepsin in gastric fluid acts on molecules of what

Answer 45

protein

Question 46

a deficiency in iron in a person's diet would most noticeably result in what

Answer 46

anemia

Question 47

which minerals are essential to humans

Answer 47

Calcium, iron, zinc, sodium, magnesium

Question 48

a deficiency in vitamin C can best be remedied by eating what

Answer 48

citrus

Question 49

because the body does not store them, a person needs to daily consume what kind of vitamins

Answer 49

water soluable

Question 50

bile is important in the emulsification of

Answer 50

fats

Question 51

what enzyme acts on fats

Answer 51

lipase

Question 52

what is a calorie

Answer 52

measurement of heat energy

Question 53

the energy required to maintain normal body functions is called

Answer 53

basal metabolic rate

Question 54

the minerals in the blood are carried by what

Answer 54

blood plasma

Question 55

what proteins are found in the plasma of the blood

Answer 55

albumin, globulin, fibrinogen

Question 56

the blood protein globulin is important because it acts as what

Answer 56

antibody

Question 57

the most abundant type of blood cell in a quantity of normal blood is the

Answer 57

erythrocytes

Question 58

where are antibodies found

Answer 58

blood plasma

Question 59

persons with type AB blood produce what kind of antibodies

Answer 59

none

Question 60

when testing for blood types, different bloods are considered incompatible if the red blood cells do what

Answer 60

agglutinate

Question 61

complications in the birth of a third child to an Rh negative mother are most likely to occur when the child is

Answer 61

Rh+ with the previous children being Rh+

Question 62

a sign of an infection in the tissues is a sudden

Answer 62

increased number of white blood cells

Question 63

the blood component necessary for the formation of clots is

Answer 63

platelets

Question 64

a coronary thrombosis occurs when

Answer 64

blood vessels clot

Question 65

the muscular partition dividing the heart into right and left sides is the

Answer 65

septum

Question 66

the heart is enclosed in a fibrous sac called the

Answer 66

pericardium

Question 67

the heart is lined by the

Answer 67

endocardium tissue

Question 68

the stimulus for a normal heartbeat begins in the

Answer 68

sinoatrial node

Question 69

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart contracts is called the

Answer 69

systole

Question 70

and ECG measures

Answer 70

electroactivity of the heart

Question 71

the normal adult heartbeat rate is about

Answer 71

70 beats per minute

Question 72

blood is carried toward the heart by

Answer 72

veins

Question 73

the diffusion of glucose, waste products, and oxygen occurs in the

Answer 73

capillaries

Question 74

the functional units of the circulatory system are the

Answer 74

capillary

Question 75

the blood vessel of the medial surface of the upper arm where blood pressure is usually measured is the

Answer 75

brachial vessel

Question 76

deoxygenated blood flows through the arteries involved in

Answer 76

pulmonary circulation

Question 77

the movement of oxygen and food out of the blood and carbon dioxide and wastes into the blood takes place in the capillaries of the

Answer 77

systematic circulation

Question 78

the hepatic artery carries blood from the

Answer 78

aorta to the liver

Question 79

the blood is filtered, removing wastes during

Answer 79

renal circulation process

Question 80

urine of a healthy person is made up of what

Answer 80

95% water, urea, ammonia

Question 81

lymph is forced through lymph vessels by

Answer 81

pressure from skeletal muscles

Question 82

what are the lymphatic organs

Answer 82

thymus gland, tonsils, spleen

Question 83

lymph originates from the

Answer 83

fluid surrounding cells

Question 84

edema is

Answer 84

swollen tissue from excess fluid

Question 85

the tube that leads from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body is the

Answer 85

urethra

Question 86

foreign proteins that set off a defense reaction in the host are known as

Answer 86

antigen

Question 87

the ability of the body to resist an infectious disease is called

Answer 87

immunity

Question 88

AIDS is

Answer 88

autoimmune disease from HIV, no cure

Question 89

the brain and spinal cord make up the

Answer 89

central nervous system

Question 90

impulses are carried toward the nerve cell bodies by fibers called

Answer 90

dendrites

Question 91

neurons are composed of

Answer 91

cell bodies, dendrites, axons

Question 92

when a neuron is not carrying an impulse it is

Answer 92

polarized

Question 93

a neuron that carries impulses from the brain and the spinal cord to a muscle or gland is a

Answer 93

motor neuron

Question 94

the area between two neurons is called the

Answer 94

synapse

Question 95

the proper sequence of structures as they are stimulated in a reflex arc is

Answer 95

``` sensory receptors sensory neurons interneurons motor neurons effector ```

Question 96

what are functions of the glial cells

Answer 96

transfer nutrients to neurons, destroy dead neurons, protect living neurons

Question 97

puberty is the time at which

Answer 97

secondary sex characteristics develop

Question 98

what constitutes maturity

Answer 98

self control, goals

Question 99

the human will is the function of the

Answer 99

conscious mind

Question 100

tolerance for a drug involves what

Answer 100

number of uses, amount taken, resistance to drug