BIO FINAL EVERYTHING

Question 1

diffusion?

Answer 1

molecules move from high concentration to low concentration

Question 2

What is cell membrane made of?

Answer 2

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

Function of phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 3

*The hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads prevent most molecules from getting through. Things usually get through the cell through the protein channels. Small, regularly shaped, uncharged molecules also get through.
This maintains homeostasis

Question 4

Homeostasis?

Answer 4

State of equilibrium in the cell

Question 5

The greater ratio of volume to surface area, the greater the ?

Answer 5

The greater the diffusion. (smaller cells have more diffusion because their ratio is greater)

Question 6

Osmosis?

Answer 6

Molecules going from low concentration to high concentration.

Question 7

Active transport?

Answer 7

Requires ATP

Question 8

Passive transport?

Answer 8

Requires no ATP

Question 9

What is mitosis and it’s overall purpose?

Answer 9

Mitosis is division of body cells and the overall purpose is to split the nucleus.

Question 10

Interphase?

Answer 10

the cell grows, then copies DNA, then continues growing

Question 11

Prophase?

Answer 11

the nuclear envelope dissolves

Question 12

Metaphase?

Answer 12

the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and attach onto the spindle fibers

Question 13

Anaphase?

Answer 13

spindle fibers pull chromosomes apart

Question 14

Telophase?

Answer 14

two new nuclei form

Question 15

cytokinesis?

Answer 15

cell divides

Question 16

Hypotonic?

Answer 16

more solution on inside of cell (hippo) (if a cell is in a hypotonic solution, the cell gets bigger and potentially explodes)

Question 17

Hypertonic?

Answer 17

more solution on outside of the cell (if a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the cell gets smaller)

Question 18

Isotonic?

Answer 18

balance

Question 19

Exocytosis?

Answer 19

contents EXIT vacuole

Question 20

Endocytosis?

Answer 20

contents ENTER vacuole

Question 21

nucleus

Answer 21

houses and protects DNA

Question 22

cell membrane

Answer 22

controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

provides energy (ATP) for movement of cells

Question 24

Chloroplasts

Answer 24

produces chlorophyll in plant cells

Question 25

Ribosomes

Answer 25

site of protein synthesis

Question 26

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 26

Continues processing of protein and transports to different parts of the cell

Question 27

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 27

Required for folding and processing of proteins