Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology 9A > Bio Final Questions > Flashcards

Bio Final Questions Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Describe the 3 principles of the cell theory

A

All organism’s consist of one or more cells The cell is the basic structure for all organisms All cells come from other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the similarities and differences of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Give an example of each

A

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic does not. They both have vessels and vacuoles E- animals and plants P- bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Compare and contrast animal cells

A

Similarities- cell membrane, er, Golgi apparatus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, lysosomes, nuclei Differences- plant has a cell wall, plant has chloroplast, animal cells have no cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Identify cell membrane

A

Membrane that separates the cell from the outside environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cell wall

A

Tough, outside part of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The material within a living cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

A microscopic network of protein filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nucleus

A

The control center of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Er rough and smooth

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is like a cellular highway, where proteins are transported from one part to the other. Ribosomes on the ER also help in protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

It is a special organell found in the sytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell, it functions in the modification of proteins after they are synthesized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vacuole

A

A vacuole has a primarily function of wastage removal from the plants body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lysosomes

A

lysosomes digests and recycles used cell components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ribosomes

A

It synthesizes proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitochondria

A

It is where the energy is made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diffusion

A

When something moves from a higer concentration to a lower concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

osmosis

A

The tendency of molecules of a solvent to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

Facilitated diffusion is when a molecule cannot just passively diffuse across a membrane; however, it requires a protein “carrier” and energy in the form of ATP to move across the membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Active Transport

A

The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens when cell molecules reach dynamic equilibrium?

A

the molecules continue to move across the cell membrane; nothing changes, nothing stops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What factors affect the rate if photosynthesis

A

Temperature, amount of water, and amount of sunlight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is cellular respiration

A

A process were cells harvest the energy stored in food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the formula for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6+O2 —–> CO2+H2O+Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many ATP is formed during cellular respiration?

A

38 ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Aerobic and Anaerobic

A

Aerobic requires energy and anaerobic does not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Where do the reactions occur in cellular respiration
At the ETC and he Krebs Cycle
26
Why does fermentation occur
So your body can break down sugar and extract energy
27
When does fermentation occur? Where?
It occurs if there is not enough energy and it occurs in the cytoplasm
28
What are the 2 main types of fermentation
Alcoholic and lactic acid
29
Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Both involve ETC Both take place at some point in an organelle and both utilize ATP for energy
30
Contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis
Cellular respiration depends on oxygen as a substrate and photosynthesis unitizes 2 ETC's not 1.
31
Describe the structure of the ATP Molecule
It consists of a purin base and 3 phosphates
32
How is energy released from ATP
The 3rd phosphate is broken off and the bond is broken so it releases energy
33
What is the formula for photosynthesis.
6 CO2 + 12 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
34
Explain the importance of the light to the pigments of photosynthesis
The pigments are needed to capture the light for photosynthesis to occur properly
35
What light waves are best absorbed by most plants
chlorophyll
36
Why do we see plants as green
we see plants as green because that is the wavelength that our eyes can see. Also because of the chlorophyll
37
What is photosynthesis
the process where plants use sunlight to synthesis food
38
Where does photosynthesis occur
In the chloroplast
39
Granum
thylakoid stack inside the chloroplast
40
Stroma
The region outside the thylakoid space
41
thylakoid
flattended sacks inside the chloroplast
42
Where do the light dependent and independent reactions occur.
In the thylakoid and the chloroplast
43
What are the characteristics of life?
1.Are Composed of Cells 3.Use Energy by Metabolism 4.Maintain Stable Internal Conditions 5.Grow 6.Have the Ability to Reproduce
44
Describe the organization of living things
cells -\> tissue -\> organ -\> organ system -\> the human body
45
what is science
science is a body of knowledge based of the study of nature
46
Describe the scientific method
observation, collect, hypothesis, experiment, conduct experiment draw conclusion, report results
47
describe the types of data, Quantitative/Qualitative
quantitative- measuring how much of something qualitative- the quality of the item
48
explain the different variables
There are dependent and independent variables
49
What is an organic molecule?
they are substances found in living things. The main for are carbs, lipid, nucleic acids, proteins
50
What are the main 6 elements
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphate, sulfur
51
what is the carb, what are the monomers and polymers
a carb is made up of simple sugars Monomer- glucose polymer-glucose starch or cellulose
52
what are the functions of carbs
the provide the body with energy
53
What atoms make up carbs?
Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen
54
what is a lipid, Monomers and polymers? function?
makes up the cell membrane, provides the cell structure, provides insulation, and energy storage Monomers- 3 fatty acids and a glycerol Polymers- the lipid
55
What atoms make up lipids?
C, H, O
56
What is a protein, M and P, function?
large molecule consisting of amino acids, it carries oxygen in the hemoglobin M- amino acides P-polypeptide
57
What atoms make up proteins?
C, H, O, S
58
What is a nucleic acid? M and P, Function?
It is DNA and RNA, M-sugar, phosphate, and base Polymer- nucleotides. Nucleic acids allow organisms to transfer genetic information
59
What atoms make up nucleic acids?
nucleotide ???
60
what are the reactants and product of a chemical reaction.
reactants are the starting substances and the products is the substances formed during the reaction
61
How is energy released during a chemical reaction? What does the breaking of a bond release
It is released during activation energy. Energy
62
What is the function of an enzyme
it is the biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions
63
What effects the efficiency of the enzyme
Temp, Shape of the sub straight and size
64
What does carbon bond easily?
It has 4 valence electrons which makes it really easy to attach to other things
65
What is dehydration and hydrolysis synthesis?
Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis concepts are easy to understand, mainly due to them being easy reactions and the names are easy to understand. Dehydration means to take water out. Thus when you use dehydration synthesis, you are building something up while taking water out. In carbohydrates, an H from one carbohydrate and an OH from another are taken out. They form water. The two carbohydrates are then joine together by a bond called a glycosidic linkage. Hydrolysis is simply the reverse of dehydration synthesis. You add water to a molecule to break it down. If dehydration synthesis continues for a long time, a long and complex carbohydrate chain called a polysaccharide is formed.

Biology 9A (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions