Bio Lab Exam #2

Question 1

The habitat for chytrids is

Answer 1

Aquatic

Question 2

What three characteristics distinguish chytrids from other fungi d

Answer 2

Flagellated zoospores, cannot form true mycelium, have a aseptate hyphae

Question 3

How are zygometous fungi similar to chytrids

Answer 3

They aseptate hyphae

Question 4

Describe sexual reproduction in zygomecetes

Answer 4

Zygosporangium formed by plasmogamy of two types of stains (+ -) they act like gametophytes

Question 5

What is a common example of zygomycetes

Answer 5

Bread mold

Question 6

What do phylum glomermycota form with vascular plants

Answer 6

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Question 7

Describe the relationship between glomerulomycetous

Answer 7

Plants provide fungus with carbs and then fungi acts as roots for the plant giving it water and nutrients

Question 8

Sac and club fungi hyphae are divided by what

Answer 8

Septa

Question 9

Describe the fruiting body of the ascomycetous

Answer 9

Sexually produced spores are called ascospores, they are produced in the sporangium called the ascus. Asci aggregate along the inner surface, 8 ascus will form

Question 10

List 3 features of yeasts

Answer 10

Unicellular, lack ascocarp, reproduce by budding

Question 11

Describe the composition of lichen

Answer 11

Made from green algae or Cyanobacteria and a fungus

Question 12

What is the bushy growth of lichen

Answer 12

Fruticose

Question 13

What is the leafy growth of lichen

Answer 13

Foliose

Question 14

What is the encrusting growth of lichen

Answer 14

Crustose

Question 15

What are the 4 clauses within non flowering plants

Answer 15

Conifers, Gingko, Cycans, gnetophytes

Question 16

What do dioecious and monoecious mean

Answer 16

Dioecious - male and female plants

Monoecious- one plant has both reproductive tissue

Question 17

What is the growth form, leaf type, reproductive structure of gingko

Answer 17

Gymnosperm
Male- pollen cone
Female- no strobili, have two ovules at branch stalk

Leaves are megaphylls

Question 18

Cycads growth form, leaf type, and reproductive structure

Answer 18

Gymnosperm
Leaves- megaphyll
Male- cone strobilus
Female-strobili

Question 19

How is pollen dispersed

Answer 19

Wind

Question 20

Flowers consist of modified

Answer 20

Leaves

Question 21

Mono or flowers are arranged in multiples of what

Answer 21

Multiples of 3

Question 22

Eudicots arranged arrange in multiples of what

Answer 22

4-5

Question 23

Fruits are mature

Answer 23

Ovaries

Question 24

Seeds are mature

Answer 24

Ovules

Question 25

What is a simple fruit

Answer 25

From one ovary of one flower

Question 26

What is an Aggregate

Answer 26

Forms from more then one ovary of one flower

Question 27

What is a multiple fruit

Answer 27

Forms from many fruits

Question 28

Phylum Bryophyta has three main groups, name them

Answer 28

Liverworts, hornwort, mosses

Question 29

Is sporophyte vascular or non vascular

Answer 29

Vascular

Question 30

Is gametophyte vascular or non vascular

Answer 30

Non vascular

Question 31

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails homospory

Answer 31

All except club mosses

Question 32

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails heterospory

Answer 32

Club mosses

Question 33

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails have megaphyll

Answer 33

Ferns, whisk fern, horse tail

Question 34

Do clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse lack true leaves

Answer 34

All except mosses

Question 35

Do clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails have microphylls

Answer 35

Mosses and club mosses

Question 36

What is 3 uses for sphagnum

Answer 36

Wound coverings Feminine hygiene products Diapers

Question 37

What are enations and that plants have them

Answer 37

Out growths on plants instead of leaves, found in whisk ferns

Question 38

What are elaters and what plant are they found in

Answer 38

They cause the spore to push apart and leave the sporangium

Question 39

What is an annelid

Answer 39

A segmented worm

Question 40

What is an arthropod

Answer 40

Means jointed legs

Question 41

Describe the digestive system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

Answer 41

Mouth at one end anus at the other, Digestive system does not line up w/ segments Has specialized regions

Question 42

Describe the nervous system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

Answer 42

Nerve Cord runs ventricular along the surface, have a ring of nerves around the mouth

Question 43

Describe the excretory system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

Answer 43

There is a nephridia ( kidney like organ) in each segment

Question 44

What is the crop and gizzard

Answer 44

Crop-storage Gizzard- grinds

Question 45

How does the locomotion of Annelids work

Answer 45

Contracting side muscles allow the other side to extend moving them forward or backward , chaetae anchor them into the ground.

Question 46

What is the feeding mechanism of earth worms

Answer 46

Muscular mouth ingests by sucking soil and vegetation, deposits indigestible materials as castings

Question 47

Describe the habitats of polychaetaes and body features

Answer 47

Marine worms that can burrow in sand, some are sessile ( non-mobile) Have parapodia ( paddle like ) used and fills and for locomotion

Question 48

Describe a structure of polychaetes that distinguishes them from other Annelids

Answer 48

2 parapodia per segment

Question 49

Describe a structure of hirudineans that distinguishes them from other Annelids

Answer 49

Suction cups at either ends

Question 50

What are 2 characteristics of a skeletons of anthropoids

Answer 50

Made of chitin, restricts growth, provides protection, provides points for muscle attachment

Question 51

How Are Arthropods segmentation different from segments of Annelids

Answer 51

Segments sometimes fuse and appendages become specialized

Question 52

List 4 different arthropods appendage functions

Answer 52

Mouth parts, legs, antennae, swimming

Question 53

What are the first segments of appendages of chelicerates called and their functions

Answer 53

Cheliceraes Used for grasping and piercing

Question 54

Do chelicerates have antennae

Answer 54

No

Question 55

How many pairs of walking legs do chelicerates have

Answer 55

4

Question 56

Myriapods include 2 main groups

Answer 56

Centipede and milipeds

Question 57

Phylum Hexapoda reflects what

Answer 57

number of appendages

Question 58

What region do wings extend from

Answer 58

Thorax, made from same proteins as cuticle

Question 59

What is a compound eye? And what organisms have then

Answer 59

Detects edges and shapes but cannot make a full image Found in insects, crustaceans, and some centipedes

Question 60

What is complete metamorphism

Answer 60

Egg - to- larva(feeding stage) - to- pupa( dormant)- to- adult ( reproductive)

Question 61

Incomplete metamorphism

Answer 61

Nymphs resemble adults but are smaller, go through a series of molts until they reach full size

Question 62

Echinodermata means what

Answer 62

Spiny skin

Question 63

What are krill

Answer 63

Zooplankton

Question 64

What the skeletons of Echinodermata made from

Answer 64

Calcium carbonate

Question 65

What symmetry do Echinoderms have?

Answer 65

Penta radical multiples of 5

Question 66

Describe Echinoderm locomotion

Answer 66

Tube feet attach to solid objects and are able to bend and retract to allow movement

Question 67

What are pedicellariae

Answer 67

Jaw like spines that protect the surface form settling larva, and help to capture prey

Question 68

What is the aristotles lantern and what organism is it found in

Answer 68

Sea urchins, specialized for eating kelp

Question 69

In arachnids what is the second segments appendage? And what does it do?

Answer 69

Pedipalp - handles food

Question 70

List 2 advantages Platyhelminthes have due to being dorsal ventrally flattened

Answer 70

Provides a large surface for gas diffusion Diffuse metabolic waste

Question 71

What is the head of the tape worm specialized for

Answer 71

Holding onto the intestine by hooks and suckers

Question 72

How do tapeworms acquire nutrients

Answer 72

Diffusion p

Question 73

What organism lives in aquatic sediments

Answer 73

Nematode

Question 74

What is an example of a nematode

Answer 74

Round worm

Question 75

Is a octopus a mollusc

Answer 75

Yes

Question 76

What is a Chiton

Answer 76

A flattened mollusc that has 7 or 8 overlapping plates

Question 77

What is a Gastropoda

Answer 77

Snails, slugs, abalone

Question 78

What are bivalves

Answer 78

Clams, oysters, scallops

Question 79

What are Cephalopoda

Answer 79

Octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautiluses

Question 80

What is the structure and function of a radula

Answer 80

Is like a tooth chitinous ribbon the is specialized and able to drill through bivalve shells

Question 81

What are the 4 classes of molluscs

Answer 81

Polyplacophoran Cephalopod Bivalve Gastropoda

Question 82

What is a unique characteristic of polyplacophora (chiton)

Answer 82

8 dorsal plates

Question 83

What is a unique characteristic of gastropod (snail)

Answer 83

Anus and mantle are above its head

Question 84

What is a unique characteristic of bivalve (clam, oysters, mussels, scallops)

Answer 84

Divided into left and right sides

Question 85

What is a unique characteristic of Cephalopoda(squid, octopus, cuttlefish)

Answer 85

Well developed sensory organs/ complex

Question 86

Annelids are decided into 3 classes, what are they?

Answer 86

Oligochaeta (earthworms) Polychaeta (polychaete) Hirudinea (leeches)

Question 87

Arthropod has 4 main groups, what are they?

Answer 87

Cheliceriform- spider, horse shoe crab, scorpion, mite, tick Modernly called arachnids Myriapods- centipedes, millepedes Hexapods - insects and relatives Crustaceans - lobsters, prawns, crabs, shrimp

Question 88

What is clitellum

Answer 88

No segmented region of earth worms, produces a viscid sac/ cocoon for egg deposits

Question 89

What are the three fused body segments of arthropods

Answer 89

cephalothorax, abdomen, telson Cephalothorax is a fused head+thorax Telson is the last segment and it's appendages