bio paper 1 quick easy answers

Question 1

photosynthesis limiting factors

Answer 1

light intensity
carbon dioxide
temperature

Question 2

plant defences against herbivores

Answer 2

poisons
thorns
hairy stems/leaves
drooping/curling
mimicry

Question 3

environmental factors effecting rate of transpiration

Answer 3

temperature
humidity
air movement (wind)
light intensity

Question 4

cancer treatments

Answer 4

RADIOTHERAPY- doses of radiation stops mitosis in cancer cells but can also damage healthy cells

CHEMOTHERAPY-chemicals are used to stop cancer cells dividing or make them self destruct. Targets cancer cells as specifically as possible

Question 5

approx. SA of alveoli in humans.

Answer 5

75m squared

Question 6

veins

Answer 6

towards heart
low pressure
valves

Question 7

hman defence systems against disease

Answer 7

skin
nose
stomach
lungs

Question 8

white blood cells work in 3 main ways…

Answer 8

producing antibodies
producing antitoxins
ingesting microorganisms (phagocytosis)

Question 9

placebo

Answer 9

not real

Question 10

double blind trial

Answer 10

patients and doctor don’t know

Question 11

osmosis

Answer 11

movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration (a dilute) to an an area of low concentration of water across a partially permeable membrane. Does not require energy.

Question 12

artery

Answer 12

carries blood away from heart
blood under high pressure
thick, elastic walls

Question 13

capillary

Answer 13

allows substances to pass through blood
walls only one cell thick
surround the organs

Question 14

new drugs are tested to make sure they are…

Answer 14

effective
safe
stable
succesfully taken in and removed from the body

Question 15

how are alveoli adapted?

Answer 15

enormous surfface area
moist lining
very thin walls
good blood supply

Question 16

during excercise you:

Answer 16

feel hotter
have an increased heart rate
breathe faster and deeper

Question 17

aerobic reperation

Answer 17

glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water

C6 H12 6O2——>6CO2 + 6H2O

exothermic reaction

Question 18

short term effects of alcohol

Answer 18

slow brain messages
drowsy
mood swings
relax, feel good
dizziness/loss of balance
vomiting
make different decisions
poor coordination

Question 19

long term effects of alcohol

Answer 19

change brain structure
depression
stretching of the heart
high blood pressure
liver damage
poor diet-stomach problems
addiction
frequent infection
memory loss
skin problems
brain damage
damage to reproductive organs

Question 20

blood is made of…

Answer 20

red blood cells
white blood cells
plasma
platelets

Question 21

risks for non-communicable disease:

Answer 21

smoking
poor diet
lack excericise
excessive alcohol consumption
exposure to carcinogens
UV light
genes

Question 22

health

Answer 22

a state of physical or mental well being, at least partially based on individual perception.

Question 23

pathogens types

Answer 23

bacteria
virus
protist
fungi

Question 24

what are pathogens?

Answer 24

disease causing microorganisms

Question 25

amylase breaks down...

Answer 25

starch

Question 26

lipase breaks down...

Answer 26

lipids

Question 27

protease breaks down...

Answer 27

protein

Question 28

white blood cells function

Answer 28

defend against pathogens

Question 29

WBC adaptions

Answer 29

make antibodies engulf or digest pathogen

Question 30

tumour

Answer 30

mass of abnormally dividing cells

Question 31

benign tumour

Answer 31

unable to spread

Question 32

malignant tumour

Answer 32

able to spread and invade neighbouring cells

Question 33

platelets function

Answer 33

help to clot blood and stop bleeding

Question 34

platelets adaption

Answer 34

small fragments get trapped in protein fibres

Question 35

what two gases diffuse out of the stomata?

Answer 35

oxygen water vapour

Question 36

cancer

Answer 36

an error in the DNA (mutation) causes an irregular cell cylce

Question 37

plasma function

Answer 37

transport blood cells and other substances around body

Question 38

plasma adaption

Answer 38

a liquid in which blood cells can float

Question 39

RBC function

Answer 39

transport oxygen from lungs to all body cells

Question 40

RBC adaption

Answer 40

no nucleus biconcave shape packed with haemoglobin

Question 41

herd immunity

Answer 41

majority of people are vaccinated so the disease does not spread through the community/population

Question 42

photosynthesis

Answer 42

light energy into chemical energy endothermic reaction carbon dioxide + water----> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O-------> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2

Question 43

matabolism

Answer 43

to sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or body

Question 44

anaerobic resperation

Answer 44

glucose---->lactic acid C6 H12 O6 ------>2C3 H6 O3 without oxygen

Question 45

fermentation

Answer 45

anaerobic resperation in plants glucose---->ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 46

rate of photosynthesis can be limited by...

Answer 46

light intensity availability of water availability of carbon dioxide

Question 47

energy in animals is used for...

Answer 47

warmth movement nerve impulses

Question 48

uses of glucose

Answer 48

Cellulose Respiration Oils Proteins Storage as starch

Question 49

energy in plants is used for...

Answer 49

active transport synthesis

Question 50

glycogen

Answer 50

carbohydrate store in animals