Bio quiz 3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the root and shoot system? what are they made out of?
Root - It is stuff that grows below the ground
Shoot - things above the ground
they are made up of tissues specialized for different tasks
What is Dermal Tissue (Epidermis)
The outer layer of cells covering non-woody parts of a plant.
How big is an epidermis and what is it responsible for?
One cell layer thick, responsible for letting water in and out of the plant.
What is a Cuticle and where is it in a plant?
The cuticle is a waxy layer that protects from microorganisms and reduces evaporation. it is above the upper epidermis.
Where is the Guard cell located? What is its function?
It is located under the leaves. there are specific cells called guard cells, that form tiny pores called Stomata for gas exchange. They are the only cells that contain chloroplast.
What is the Root function?
It absorbs water: to do so it needs a large surface area in soil to maximize water intake through osmosis.
What is a Ground Tissue? Where is it in a plant? What is its function?
Ground Tissue
Found beneath the epidermis and makes up most of the plant body, with air spaces between cells to allow for rapid gas exchange.
Functions:
Provides support and stores nutrients.
In roots, aids in water and food storage.
In leaves, it’s the site of photosynthesis.
What does the Vascular Tissue do?
It is responsible for transporting materials throughout the plant.
What’s in the Vascular Tissue?
Xylem and Ploem.
What does the Xylem do?
It exports water and dissolved minerals from the roots and up to the leaves, to perform photosinthesis.
What is the Xylem made of?
The xylem is made of dead cells that leave behind only their cell walls when mature.
These cell walls connect end-to-end to form long, tube-like structures, allowing efficient water flow from roots to leaves.
What does Phloem do?
Transports sucrose and other dissolved sugars from the leaves to other parts of a plant.
What is a Phloem made of? What do they have and don’t have?
Made of long sieve tube cells with connected ends; these cells are alive but have no nuclei.
Sieve tube cells are connected to companion cells, which have nuclei and help control their activities.
What is the main purpose of leaves in plants?
The main purpose of leaves is to carry out photosynthesis.
Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, where the pigment chlorophyll is located.
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6H₂O + 6CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
(Water + Carbon Dioxide → Glucose + Oxygen)
Where does cellular respiration occur in plant cells, and what does it produce?
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and produces energy (ATP).
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6H₂O + 6CO₂ + ATP
(Glucose + Oxygen → Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy)
Do epidermal cells contain chloroplasts?
No, epidermal cells do not contain chloroplasts; their main role is to protect the leaf.
What are palisade tissue cells?
Palisade tissue cells are one of the main photosynthetic cells in leaves, responsible for most photosynthesis.
Describe the structure and position of palisade tissue cells.
Palisade tissue cells are long, narrow, and packed closely together in a layer under the epidermis, where they are exposed to sunlight for efficient photosynthesis.
