Bio Unit 1 Study Deck Flashcards
How did Edward Jenner contribute to Bio?
-He developed a smallpox vaccine
-Discovered having cowpox makes you immune to smallpox
How did Ignaz Semmelweiss contribute to Bio?
-Discovered hospitalized childbirths increased the baby getting sick
(Babies born at home were healthier)
-Hypothesized to wash hands but couldn’t prove the theory so doctors didn’t do anything about it
How did Luis Pasteur contribute to Bio?
-Developed germ theory
-Hypothesized is the body had no pathogens it wouldn’t get sick
How did Joseph Lister contribute to Bio?
-After the germ theory was created he started cleaning medical utensils
-Death rate from surgery immediately decreased
How did Robert Koch contribute to Bio?
-Identified the microbe that causes anthrax
-Developed a way to show a particular microbe causes disease
-Developed a gelatin-like substance that helps grow microbes
What is the germ theory?
The theory that proves that specific microorganisms acted as pathogens
What is a pathogen?
An organism that cases a host to get sick
What are examples of a pathogen?
Bacteria (Ex: Fungi, Protozoa, Worms)
What is a vector?
An organism that transmits a disease.
What is a prokaryote?
A single celled organism that doesn’t have membrane bound organelles or a nucleus
What is a Eukaryote
A multi-celled or single celled organism that has a clear nucleus
What are the three most common shapes of bacteria?
Rod, sphere, and spiral shaped
How do antibiotics stop bacterial infections?
They kill the cell wall, (because bacteria are alive, they have a cell wall). And they don’t harm humans because human cells don’t have cell walls.
How do vaccines stop viruses?
A vaccine puts a diluted amount of the virus in your body so your body makes antibodies to fight off the virus when your body comes in contact with it later.
How does a virus infect a cell?
The viral capsid must recognize the hosts cell (thats why viruses infect a specific cell). The virus hen injects its genetic material, so it multiplies with the cell until it bursts spreading the virus further.
