Bio- Unit 4 Quiz

Question 1

Which type of cell division actually contains two rounds of cell division, the chromosome reduction round and the division round?

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

The separation of the cytoplasm of a cell during cell division is known as?

Answer 2

Cytokinesis

Question 3

The stage of mitosis when the spindle apparatus first appears is?

Answer 3

Prophase

Question 4

Why do multicellular eukaryotic organisms that sexually reproduce undergo mitosis?

Answer 4

Growth, repair, healing and maintenance

Question 5

Duplication of chromosomes (DNA replication) occurs in which stage of the cell cycle in a somatic cell?

Answer 5

S phase of interphase

Question 6

During mitosis and meiosis the microtubule fibers of the spindle attached to the_____of the chromosome.

Answer 6

Kinetochore at the centromere

Question 7

The main benefit of sexual reproduction versus asexual reproduction is?

Answer 7

Greater genetic diversity which leads to increased survival of the species

Question 8

Crossing over occurs between______ during the______ phase of meiosis.

Answer 8

Non-sister chromatids; tetrad prophase 1

Question 9

The only condition in which human survive with only 45 chromosomes is called?

Answer 9

Turner syndrome (Monosomy X) XO

Question 10

A goat’s chromosome number is 60. After meiosis the goat scammates will contain how many chromosomes? Goats are diploid organisms.

Answer 10

30

Question 11

What is a wild type trait?

Answer 11

The trait or phenotype that is mostly common seen in a population

Question 12

What is an organism’s genetic makeup that is conventionally symbolized by two letters and can be either heterozygous or homozygous?

Answer 12

Genotype Aa, AA, aa

Question 13

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?

Answer 13

1:2:1

Question 14

The type A B of the ABO blood system is an example of______ (pattern of inheritance).

Answer 14

Codominance

Question 15

What are the possible genotypes of a person with type B blood?

Answer 15

BB or BO blood only

Question 16

In incomplete dominance, if there are two possible alleles, how many possible phenotypes are there?

Answer 16

3

Question 17

What is an example of polygenetic inheritance?

Answer 17

Human height, hair color, eye color

Question 18

Progeria is an autosomal_________ genetic disorder that results in premature aging.

Answer 18

Dominant

Question 19

What is the patterns of inheritance when alleles are both fully expressed in heterozygous individuals?

Answer 19

Co-dominance

Question 20

What is epistasis? When traits are affected by multiple genes that influence one another.

Answer 20

Lab coat color

Question 21

What is a chart showing the pattern of inheritance of a gene through generations in a family?

Answer 21

Pedigree

Question 22

What is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome?

Answer 22

Telomeres

Question 23

What is the term for one of two attached members of a duplicated eukaryotic chromosome?

Answer 23

Sister chromatid

Question 24

What are the forms of a gene that encodes slightly different versions of the genes product?

Answer 24

Alleles

Question 25

A ________is a sales complete compliment of DNA.

Answer 25

Genome

Question 26

X-linked genetic disorders are more commonly seen in which of the sexes?

Answer 26

Males

Question 27

How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of down syndrome individual?

Answer 27

47

Question 28

If an individual is homozygous for a certain gene, how many alleles can they pass on to their offspring?

Answer 28

One

Question 29

Red - green color blindness and hemophilia are examples of?

Answer 29

Sex-linked or X-linked disorders

Question 30

A condition like sickle cell anemia that involves one single gene impacting several characteristics is an example of?

Answer 30

Pleiotropy

Question 31

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, what is the phenotypic ratio of a trait that shows an incomplete dominant inheritance pattern?

Answer 31

1:2:1 (1 red, 2 pink, 1 white)

Question 32

States that sells have a limited amount of times they can divide, cells will die after about 60 cell divisions.

Answer 32

The hayflick limit

Question 33

The enzyme responsible for adding the six nucleotides sequence that repeats at the end of telomere, TTA GGG

Answer 33

Telomerase

Question 34

What is the form of skin cancer that is second most common and has an ulcerated appearance most often?

Answer 34

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 35

What is the term that refers to an allele with an effect that is masked by a dominant allele paired with it?

Answer 35

Recessive (Thando Hopa) (albino mother and black baby)

Question 36

The chromosome with the genes that are responsible for making a male, a male is the ______ chromosome.

Answer 36

Y

Question 37

What is an example of an organism that is oviparous?

Answer 37

All birds and monotremes

Question 38

What are the methods for increasing genetic diversity via sexual reproduction?

Answer 38

Independent assortment of alleles, crossing over and random fusion of gametes

Question 39

The term for when chromosomes fail to separate correctly leading to an aneuploidy

Answer 39

Non-disjunction

Question 40

During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes go from being unduplicated I-shaped chromosomes to being duplicated X-shaped chromosomes?

Answer 40

S-DNA synthesis... DNA replication