BIO YAWA Flashcards by Scimel Surriga

Q

replication of cell’s genetic material

A

asexual reproduction

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Q

genetic make up from 2 parents

A

sexual reproduction

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Q

rise to nuclei that are genetically different from each other

A

meiosis

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Q

division of eukaryotic cell’s genetic info

A

mitosis

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Q

programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

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Q

consist of all cell’s genetic material

A

genome

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Q

enzyme adds new neuclotide complementary to bases

A

DNA polymerase

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Q

covalent bonds between adjacent DNA segments

A

ligase

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Q

change/error in DNA sequence

A

mutation

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Q

replicates and distributes DNA into 2 daughter cells

A

Binary fission

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Q

divides cytoplasm into 2 daughter cells

A

cytokinesis

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Q

DNA and associated proteins

A

chromatin

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Q

continuous molecule of DNA wrapped around protein

A

chromosome

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Q

attached copies of replicated chromosome

A

chromatid

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Q

where sister chromatids attach to each other

A

centromere

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Q

interval between successive cell divisions

A

interphase

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Q

cell grow and reproduce more molecules

A

gap periods

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Q

phase where DNA replicates

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A

synthesis period

Q

chromosome condenses and spindle forms

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A

prophase

Q

replicated chromosomes align along cell equator

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A

metaphase

Q

sister chromatids separate

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A

anaphase

Q

chromosome arrives at each other’s end

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A

telophase

Q

form from excess cell divisions

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A

tumors

Q

number of cytokinesis in meiosis

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A

2

version of gene

allele

chromosome number in human gamete AFTER meiosis

23

chromosome 1-22 in human

homologous autosomes

chromosome 23 in human

gametes (germ cells)

trisomy 21

down syndrome

male gamete

XY

exchange of alleles

crossing over

one or more complete sets of chromosomes

polyploidy

functions to specify the recipes for all proteins in a cell

DNA

unwinds and unzips DNA

helicase

asezual rep. in bacteria/archaea

binary fission

failure pf chromosomes to seperate in meiosis

nondisjunction

more chromosomes throughout meiosis

spindle

homologous pairs of chromosomes align

prophase 1

line up in double file line at cells equator

metaphase 1

splitting apart after double file line

anaphase 1

chromosomes arrive at pole

telophase 1

condensing of chromosomes

prophase 2

line up in a single file line at cells equator

metaphase 2