BIO3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Cell culture
•a technique in which cells are grown in a laboratory environment in test tubes, petri dishes or flasks
Cell lines
• The generations of cells that result from growth and division in each cell culture
Stem cells
• “Blank Slate” cells that divide to produce all other types of specialized cells.
Prokaryotic Cells
•No true nucleus
• No membrane-bound structures
• All are unicellular
• Unicellular = one-celled
• Examples: Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cell
• Has a true nucleus
• Has membrane-bound organelles
• Some unicellular, most
MULTICELLULAR
• Examples: Animals, Plants, and Fungi
Cell Membrane
SECURITY GUARD
-bouncer at a VIP party, decides what comes in and out and communicates to the bosses
Selective Permeability
• A process in which cell membrane allows some molecules to pass in while keeping others out.
•Ex: Window Screen
• Water: in and out freely
• Sodium, Potassium, & Calcium ions: only at certain times, at certain amounts, through certain channels
Phospholipid Bilayer
• Plasma membrane composed of two layers of phospholipids back-to-back
Fluid Mosaic Model: model
Fluid Mosaic Model
model of plasma membrane
• “Fluid” =Phospholipids move within membrane like water molecules in lake
• Proteins embedded in membrane move along phospholipids like boats
• Proteins create mosaic pattern on membrane surface
Cholesterol
• Stabilizes phospholipids by preventing fatty acid tails from sticking together
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
FACTORY ASSEMBLY LINE
-studded with ribosomes. Proteins are made here.
produced and transports molecules also storage
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
FACTORY ASSEMBLY LINE
-lipid synthesis and detoxification and storage and transportation
Ribosomes
BODY BUILDERS/CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
- building proteins
-float freely in cell or attached to rough ER
-just as construction workers follow blueprints the use cells DNA ;for ; instructions
golgi apparatus
SHIPPING DEPARTMENT
- recieves, modifies, sorts, ships out protein and lipids to proper destination in or out the sell
Mitochondria
FACTORY
- responsible for producing energy
- tiny but strong factories
- cellular respiration
- take in energy and nutrients and oxygen to covert to energy rich molecules ATP
Vacuole
STORAGE XONRAINERS
- store substances like water waste and nutrients
-maintains internal pressure
- in plant cells they are big and provide structural support
Lysosomes
RECYCLING BIN
-contains enzymes that beak down waste materials like old cell parts and foreign invaders
- cells garbage disposal cleaning up and breaking down
cytoskeleton
SKELETON
-provide structural support so the shape
- made of protein filaments like micro tubes micro filament and other thing
centriole (not organelle)
CELL DIVIDERS / REFS
organizers of cell division
help ensure chromosomes are properly distributed during cell division
composed of micro tubes
organize spindle fibres
Cicila and Flagella
CELL PROPELLERS
-hair like structures that protrude from surface of some cells
-enable movement
-move substances along cell surface
FLAGELLA-longer and fewer in number
CICILA- shorter and numerous
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