Biochem

Question 1

Define Acid

Answer 1

Donates a proton

Question 2

Define Base

Answer 2

Accepts a proton

Question 3

Weak Acid or Weak Base

Answer 3

Does not completely dissociate in a solution

Question 4

Neutralization Reaction

Answer 4

Acid and base added together react to form a salt and water

Question 5

Equilibrium constant

Answer 5

K

Question 6

Dissociation constant

Answer 6

Kd

Question 7

pH

Answer 7

Measure hydrogen activity
= -log [H+]

Question 8

pKa

Answer 8

Measures the strength of an acid

Question 9

pKa < 1

Answer 9

Measurement means this is a strong acid

Question 10

pKa > 1

Answer 10

Measurement means this is a weak acid

Question 11

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Answer 11

Used to calculate the pH of a solution given a known concentration of acid and a known concentration of base

Question 12

Equation used for creating buffers

Answer 12

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Question 13

Environmental sources of acidosis

Answer 13

Phosphate or sulfate compounds
Grain-enriched diet
Diabetes
Starvation
Toxin ingestion

Question 14

Environmental sources of alkalosis

Answer 14

Fruits
Vegetables

Question 15

Organs which regulate acids and bases in the body

Answer 15

Kidneys and lungs

Question 16

What gets reabsorbed by the kidneys to balance pH?

Answer 16

Bicarbonate HCO3

Question 17

What is removed by the kidneys to be urinated?

Answer 17

Ammonium NH3
Protons H+

Question 18

Which salts are important to regulating pH in the body?

Answer 18

Sodium Na+
K+

Question 19

Why does phosphoric acid H3PO4 have 3 pKa’s?

Answer 19

Phosphoric acid H3PO4 has 3 hydrogens to donate

Question 20

Intrinsic buffers

Answer 20

Phosphate PO4
Proteins’ amino acids

Question 21

Extrinsic buffer

Answer 21

Converting H2CO3 to H20 and CO2

Question 22

The pKa of phosphate PO4 which meets physiological conditions

Answer 22

pKa 7.2

Question 23

Site of extrinsic buffering

Answer 23

The lungs