Biochem Flashcards
What are proteinases?
Enzymes that cleave proteins
What are prions?
Infectious proteins
What is the difference between isoteric and allosteric enzyme-substrate binding?
Isoteric- rate of reaction increases with substrate concentration until enzyme is saturated
Allosteric- substrate induces a conformational change in the enzyme that increases activity. S shaped saturation curve on graph
What are isoenzymes?
Different forms of an enzyme which catalyse the same reaction (similar active sites)
Where does N-linked glycosylation take place?
Lumen of the ER, then modified in the Golgi apparatus
Where does O-linked glycosylation take place?
Golgi apparatus
What is N-linked glycosylation?
The attachment of a sugar molecule to a nitrogen atom in an amino acid residue in a protein.
What is O-linked glycosylation?
The attachment of a sugar molecule to an oxygen atom in an amino acid residue in a protein.
What is gluconeogenesis?
Biosynthesis of glucose from pyruvate
Where is blood glucose primarily controlled?
Liver
What does NPN stand for?
Non-protein nitrogen
What do ruminal microbes do with amino acids?
Use for their own protein synthesis or degrade them further to ammonia
Which proteases are EDTA likely to inhibit?
Serine
Cysteine
Aspartyl
Metalloproteases
Glycogen storage diseases result in which 2 things?
Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar)
Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
What are the 2 main functions of the cell membrane?
- Act as a BARRIER against the environment
2. To enable EXCHANGE OF SUBSTANCES with the environment
