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Biochem Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

what is the formula for coulomb’s law?

A

F=K(Q1 x Q2 / E x R^2)

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2
Q

what is the F in Coulomb’s law?

A

Force

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3
Q

what is the K in Coulomb’s law?

A

Constant number

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4
Q

what is the E in Coulomb’s law?

A

Dielectric constant

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5
Q

what is the R in Coulomb’s law?

A

the distance between charge centers

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6
Q

what do the Q’s mean in Coulomb’s law?

A

quantity of charge

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7
Q

what is the dielectric charge?

A

the measure of insulating properties of a solvent

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8
Q

what does it mean if E is a positive number?

A

it’s repulsed (if E is negative, it is attracted)

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9
Q

heat of vaporization

A

amount of heat it takes to cause something to evaporate

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10
Q

if delta G and delta H are less than 0 then what does that say about the spontaneity and heat?

A

it’s spontaneous and exothermic

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11
Q

if delta G and delta H are greater than 0 then what does that say about the spontaneity and heat?

A

it’s non spontaneous and endothermis

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12
Q

are nonpolar molecules soluble or insoluble in water?

A

insoluble

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13
Q

are ionic molecules soluble or insoluble in water?

A

soluble

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14
Q

are polar molecules soluble or insoluble in water?

A

soluble if they are strong hydrogen bonders and do not disrupt the water structure

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15
Q

how are nonpolar molecules held together

A

london dispersion force

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16
Q

what is the hydrophobic effect?

A

exclusion of nonpolar(hydrophobic) molecules from water’s structure

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17
Q

what is the driving force for the hydrophobic effect?

A

because of the entropy gained by water

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18
Q

what is the stabilizing force for the hydrophobic effect?

A

london-dispersion force between nonpolar molecules

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19
Q

amphipathic molecule

A

molecule that has a polar and nonpolar part

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20
Q

lawry-bronsted acid

A

proton donor

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21
Q

lawry-bronsted base

A

proton acceptor

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22
Q

equation for pH

23
Q

what does a low pH say about the hydrogen count?

Study These Flashcards
A

high hydrogen count

24
Q

what does a high pH say about the hydrogen count?

Study These Flashcards
A

low hydrogen count

25
pH + pOH = ?
pH + pOH = 14
26
equation of pOH
pOH= -log[OH]
27
equation for pKa
pKa = -log[Ka]
28
equation for Ka
Ka = ([A-][H+]) / [Ha}
29
how do you calculate the amount of acid and conjugate base in a solution?
pH=pKa + log([base]/[acid])
30
if the pH is equal to the pKa, then what does that say about the amount of protonated and un-protonated?
50% protonated and 50% un-protonated
31
is protonated more acidic or basic?
more acidic
32
is un-protonated more acidic or basic?
more basic
33
if the pH is equal to 2 units below the pKa, then what does that say about the amount of protonated and un-protonated?
100% protonated
34
if the pH is equal to 2 units above the pKa, then what does that say about the amount of protonated and un-protonated?
100% un-protonated
35
if the pH is equal to 1 units above the pKa, then what does that say about the amount of protonated and un-protonated?
90% protonated and 10% un-protonated
36
if the pH is equal to 1 units below the pKa, then what does that say about the amount of protonated and un-protonated?
90% un-protonated and 10% protonated
37
what is a buffer?
solution of weak acid and its conjugate base
38
zwitterion
a net charge of zero
39
What is the pKa for alpha carboxyl groups?
2
39
What is the pK for alpha carboxyl groups?
2
40
What is the pKa for non-alpha carboxyl groups?
4
41
What is the pKa for Tyr is present in the r group?
10
42
What is the pKa if His is present in the r group?
6
43
What is the pKa if Arg is present in the r group?
12
44
What is the pKa for alpha amino groups?
9
45
What is the pKa if an amino group is present in the r group?
10-12
46
What is the pKa if Cys is present in the r group?
8
47
What is the pKa if Lys is present in the r group?
10
48
What is the pKa if Ser is present in the r group?
14
50
What is the pKa if Thr is present in the r group?
14
51
What would molars be equivalent to when searching for the pH? (see pH card)
[H+]
52
dipole-dipole bonding
a positive ion is attracted to a negative ion
53
order bonds from strongest to weakest
ion-ion, ion-dipole, hydrogen, dipole-dipole, london-dispersion

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