biochem

Question 1

Edward buuchnar was famous for?

Answer 1

discovery of cell free fermentation

Question 2

a carbon atom forms 4 bonds with a ______ arrangement?

Answer 2

tetrahedral

Question 3

what are the 5 trace elements?

Answer 3

zinc, iron, manganeese, copper, cobalt

Question 4

nucleotides are linked by _________ bonds?

Answer 4

phosphodiester bonds

Question 5

polypeptides are?

Answer 5

covalently linked amino acids

Question 6

amino acids are linked by ________ bonds?

Answer 6

peptide bonds

Question 7

monosaccharides are linked by ______ bonds?

Answer 7

glycosidic bonds

Question 8

name one way metabolic pathways are important

Answer 8

• they enable cells to coordinate and control complex biochemical processes in response to available energy
• they function with membrane bound cells

Question 9

what are metabolites?

Answer 9

small biomolecules that serve both as reactants and products in biochemical reactions within cells

Question 10

metabolic flux is?

Answer 10

the rate at which reactants and products are interconverted in a metabolic pathway

Question 11

argininosuccinate synthetase and arginosuccinase are two enzymes involved in which metabolic reaction?

Answer 11

urea cycle

Question 12

metabolic pathways can be linear, ______, or ________?

Answer 12

forked or cyclic

Question 13

order from largest to smallest ( supramolecular complexes, monomeric units, macromolecules, the cell)

Answer 13

the cell
supramolecular complexes
macromolecules
monomeric units

Question 14

who collected x ray diffraction data to determine the structure of dna?

Answer 14

rosalind franklin and maurice wilkins

Question 15

erwin chargaff did what?

Answer 15

studied base composition of dna, used chromatography to quantify bases in dna

Question 16

base composition does not change with age, nutritional state and the environment? (T or F)

Answer 16

T

Question 17

ratios of certain bases are fixed at ____:_____?

Answer 17

1:1

Question 18

Chargaffs rule is?

Answer 18

A+G=T+C

Question 19

who determined dna was a double helix?

Answer 19

watson and crick

Question 20

deoxyribonucleotides are? while ribonucleotides are?

Answer 20

• mononumeric units of dna that lack an OH group on the c2 end of the ribose sugar
• structurally similar but contain an OH group on the c2 end of the ribose sugar

Question 21

complementary base pairs are ?

Answer 21

GC and AT

Question 22

base pairs are held together by ___ bonds?

Answer 22

H

Question 23

there are ___ bonds in a GC pair but only ___ in a AT pair? (#)

Answer 23

3, 2

Question 24

central dogma of molecular biology describes how?

Answer 24

information is transfered between dna rna and proteins

Question 25

dna transcription involves _____ while translation involves _____?

Answer 25

mrna, proteins

Question 26

genomes consist of _____ but in viruses they consist of _____?

Answer 26

dna , rna

Question 27

a transcriptome is ?

Answer 27

set of all rna molecules in one cell or population of cells

Question 28

a proteome is ?

Answer 28

entire set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism (set of expressed proteins)

Question 29

can mutations be passed from parents to offspring?

Answer 29

yes in germ line cells

Question 30

can mutations in somatic cells be passed to offspring?

Answer 30

no only in germ line cells

Question 31

what type of reaction occurs during fermentation of acetaldehyde to ethanol in yeast?

Answer 31

redox

Question 32

carbon bonding form bonds how?

Answer 32

covalent bonds with up to four atoms

Question 33

based on chargaffs ratios the ____ of purine residues must _____ the ______ of the pyridamine residues

Answer 33

sum, equal, sum

Question 34

4 major classes of biomolecules?

Answer 34

amino acids, nucleotides, simple sugars, fatty acids

Question 35

what is paralogous?

Answer 35

homologous within a species, gene duplication

Question 36

orthoologous is?

Answer 36

different species, gene and main function conserved

Question 37

does delta g provide information about the rate of reaction?

Answer 37

no

Question 38

under what condition will a reaction occur spontaneously ?

Answer 38

products more disordered than the reactants

Question 39

what are the two unusual properties of water?

Answer 39

high boiling point and high melting point high heat capacity high latent heat and vapourization