Biochemisitry

Question 1

What is biochemistry

Answer 1

The study of molecules that make up living organisms. Inorganic molecules occur naturally and organic molecules have to be synthesized by plants

Question 2

Monomers are organic macromolecules. Monomers of protein, carbs and lipids

Answer 2

Amino acids, glucose, glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 3

Three types of carbs

Answer 3

Monosaccharides- 1sugar- glucose and fructose
Disaccharides- 2sugars- Maltose and sucrose
Polysaccharides- many sugars- starch (glucose in plants) glycogen (glucose in animals) cellulose (plant cell walls)

Question 4

Fats basic stuff

Answer 4

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen, solid from animals or liquid from plants and fish

Question 5

Functions if fat molecules

Answer 5

Contain more energy than carbs and protein
Provides structure in cell membranes
Absorbs nutrients (vitamin A + B)
Stores energy as oil
Provides insulation for nerve fibers
Protects organs against shock and movement

Question 6

Proteins basic stuff

Answer 6

Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen
Consists of 50 or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds
20 amino acids are made by plants
Position of amino acids determines the position of cross-linkage bonds that hold the polypeptide chain together this determines its shape

Question 7

Protein molecule shapes

Answer 7

Collagen a fibrous protein

Myoglobin a goblular protein

Question 8

Denatured protein

Answer 8

Exposed to high temperatures and unfavorable pH. Cross linkage bonds will break. Protein will lose its shape and its ability to function

Question 9

Hemoglobin, insulin, actin and myosin, collagen, keratin, albumin, histones

Answer 9

Red blood cell pigment
Controls blood sugar
Found in muscle with contractile function 
Connective tissue hair and nails
Egg white 
Chromosome structure

Question 10

Starch test

Answer 10

Brown iodine
Blue ur black +
Unchanged -

Question 11

Glucose test

Answer 11

10 drops Benedicts solution
Hot water bath 2 min
Green, yellow, orange +
Unchanged blue -

Question 12

Sucrose test

Answer 12

5 drops HCl 
Hot water bath 
10 drops Benedicts 
Hot water bath 
Green, yellow, orange +
Unchanged blue -

Question 13

Protein/biuret test

Answer 13

10 drops NaOH
6 drops copper sulfate
Purple or lilac after shake +
Rose pink or black -

Question 14

Fat test ethanol method

Answer 14

Solid crush with mortar add alcohol filter substance add water milky emulsion

Liquid add alcohol let stand add water milky emulsion

Question 15

Fat test with ether

Answer 15

Liquid add ether allow to stand for 15 min

Filter on filtrate allow it to evaporate fat stain indicates positive test