Biochemistry Flashcards
(50 cards)
What’s the difference between positive and negative feedback?
Positive feedback is when the body amplifies the stimuli, Negative feedback is when the body counters the stimuli
What are the 3 stages of homeostasis
Receptor, Control center, Effector
What are characteristics of living organisms?
Made of cells, Reproduce, respond to the environment, adapt as populations, and grow.
What are some examples of homeostasis?
Temperature, Blood pH, Blood pressure, Blood sugar, Oxytocin release during child labour.
What part of the brain regulations oxytocin and homeostasis in the human body?
The hypothalamus
What does oxytocin do?
Stimulates stronger contractions, and the flow of breastmilk post childbirth
Is water organic?
No, because it contains no carbon.
How is water bonded
Covalently (Co as in Communism ☭☭☭☭)
Water is “polar”, what does polar mean?
The shared electrons circulate the oxygen more often than they do the hydrogens, meaning the oxygen has a slight negative charge, and the hydrogens have a slight positive charge.
How strong are the hydrogen bonds between water?
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are fairly weak, and broken easily
What’s a unique trait given to water because of hydrogen bonds?
H-bonding gives water a low freezing point, and a high boiling point, and is able to absorb a lot of heat before warming up.
Why is water called the Universal Solvent?
Because it dissolves other polar molecules
What is one water property ,that is a direct result of hydrogen bonding?
Water’s cohesive properties
Why does water have such a strong surface tension?
Because of cohesion, water molecules can form a film/skin
What can reduce waters cohesive forces?
adding substances like soap/
Why can some bugs walk on water, but humans can’t?
Because water’s surface tension can support the bug’s weight, but not a humans.
is ice denser than liquid water?
No, because the hydrogen bonds cause water to expand when it freezes, making it less dense, and able to float on liquid water.
What are some of water’s properties?
Universal solvent, Cohesion, Adhesion, high surface tension, high heat capacity.
Do acids contain more H+ or OH-
Acids generally have a chemical formula that starts with H
Do bases contain more H+ or OH-
Bases generally have a chemical formula that ends with OH
What colour does acids turn litmus too?
Acids turn litmus red.
What is the most common pH indicator? What colour(s) does it turn?
Litmus, it turns red for acid, and blue for bases.
What happens to acids if they’re dissolved in water? Are they aqueous or aquatic?
Acids release H+ ions when dissolved in water, meaning they are aqueous
What happens to bases if they’re dissolved in water? Are they aqueous or aquatic?
Bases release OH ions when dissolved in water, and are aquatic
