biochemistry Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the three main macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
True or False: Carbohydrates are primarily used for energy in the body.
True.
Fill in the blank: The building blocks of proteins are called __________.
amino acids.
What is the primary function of lipids in the body?
To store energy and provide insulation.
Which type of carbohydrate is known as a simple sugar?
Monosaccharides.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a polysaccharide? A) Glucose B) Sucrose C) Glycogen D) Fructose
C) Glycogen.
What is the process called by which proteins are synthesized in cells?
Translation.
True or False: Lipids are soluble in water.
False.
What are the two main types of fatty acids?
Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Fill in the blank: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and __________.
oxygen.
What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?
Peptide bond.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates? A) Energy storage B) Hormone production C) Structural support D) Both A and C
D) Both A and C.
What is the term for the process of breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars?
Hydrolysis.
True or False: All lipids are fats.
False.
What is the primary source of energy for brain function?
Glucose.
Fill in the blank: The main storage form of glucose in animals is __________.
glycogen.
What is the role of enzymes in protein metabolism?
To catalyze the breakdown and synthesis of proteins.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid? A) Triglycerides B) Phospholipids C) Cellulose D) Steroids
C) Cellulose.
True or False: Essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
False.
What is a key characteristic of unsaturated fats?
They contain one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called __________.
glycogenesis.
What are dietary fibers primarily composed of?
Non-digestible carbohydrates.
Multiple Choice: Which macronutrient is the most energy-dense? A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) Lipids D) Vitamins
C) Lipids.
What is the function of antibodies in the body?
To protect against pathogens and foreign substances.
