Biochemistry

Question 1

large molecules that are long chains of smaller molecules (monomers)

Answer 1

polymers

Question 2

Carbohydrate

Answer 2

Polymer

Question 3

Sugars (monosaccharides)

Answer 3

Monomer

Question 4

energy storage

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

source of energy for all cellular functions

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

structural component for cells

Answer 6

Carbohydrates

Question 7

simple sugars

Answer 7

monosaccharides

Question 8

glucose =

Answer 8

cellular fuel

Question 9

long chains of simple sugars

Answer 9

Complex Carbohydrates

Question 10

starch (plant energy storage)

Answer 10

Complex Carbohydrates

Question 11

fats, oils, waxes, steroids

Answer 11

Lipids

Question 12

energy storage

Answer 12

Lipids

Question 13

every C is filled with H

Answer 13

saturated

Question 14

some C form double bonds

Answer 14

unsaturated

Question 15

fats and oils

Answer 15

triglycerides

Question 16

found in cell membranes

Answer 16

phospholipids

Question 17

component of cell membranes

sex hormones

Answer 17

steroids:

cholesterol

Question 18

(cell parts, hair, muscle)

Answer 18

structural

Proteins

Question 19

(hormones)

Answer 19

regulatory

Proteins

Question 20

(hemoglobin in red blood cells)

Answer 20

transport

Proteins

Question 21

(disease prevention)

Answer 21

antibodies

Proteins

Question 22

(speed up chemical reactions

Answer 22

enzymes

Proteins

Question 23

a simple chain of amino acids

Answer 23

primary structure

Question 24

change the amino acids (or even their order), and you have _________________

Answer 24

a completely different protein!

Question 25

linear sequence of amino acids

Answer 25

primary structure

Question 26

structural patterns from hydrogen bonds

Answer 26

secondary structures

Question 27

two types of secondary structures

Answer 27

alpha helix | beta sheet

Question 28

final three-dimensional shape of the polypeptide chain (protein)

Answer 28

tertiary structure

Question 29

two types of tertiary structures

Answer 29

globular | fibrous

Question 30

present in proteins with two or more polypeptide chains

Answer 30

quaternary structure

Question 31

extreme heat, or very high or low pH, can cause a protein to become _________

Answer 31

denatured

Question 32

a change in 3-dimensional structure

Answer 32

denatured

Question 33

genetic info - DNA (genes in chromosomes) - RNA (for protein synthesis

Answer 33

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Question 34

energy transport | -ATP (high-energy nucleotide)

Answer 34

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Question 35

DNA contains _ nucleotides

Answer 35

4 | A,C,T,G

Question 36

RNA contains _ nucleotides

Answer 36

4 | A,C,U,G

Question 37

Monomers of Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides

Answer 37

``` A = adenine C = cytosine T = thymine G = guanine U = uracil ```

Question 38

adenosine triphosphate contains ___ nucleotide

Answer 38

contains one nucleotide

Question 39

is a very large molecule commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are typically composed of thousands or more atoms.

Answer 39

macromolecule

Question 40

Lipid

Answer 40

polymer

Question 41

cellulose (plant structure)

Answer 41

complex carbohydrates

Question 42

Amino acids

Answer 42

monomer

Question 43

Protein

Answer 43

polymer

Question 44

-solid at room temperature

Answer 44

saturated

Question 45

Nucleic Acid

Answer 45

polymer

Question 46

glycogen (animal energy storage)

Answer 46

complex carbohydrate

Question 47

Fatty acids & monoglycerides

Answer 47

monomer

Question 48

liquid at room temperature

Answer 48

unsaturated

Question 49

major component of the cell membrane

Answer 49

lipid

Question 50

Nucleotides

Answer 50

monomer

Question 51

hormone production

Answer 51

lipid