biochemistry

Question 1

true or false

renal excretion of sodium is a key mechanism by which the kidneys regulate volume?

Answer 1

true

Question 2

true or false?

DDAVP , the syntehtic analogue of ADH is used to distinguish between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Answer 2

true - the urine osmolality response allows you to tell the difference

Question 3

true or false

patients with adrenal insufficiency are less able to retain saline (sodium) than normal patients

Answer 3

true- this reflects inadequate mineralocorticoid activity

Question 4

how do you distinguish between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency

Answer 4

measure ACTH

Question 5

true or false

primary hyperparathyroidism is diagnosed much earlier than in the past because of hypercalcaemia; as a result, radiological changes like osteitis fibrosa cystica are rarely seen anymore

Answer 5

true

Question 6

true or fale

rehydration is always instituated in the management of severe hypercalcaemia, because hypercalcaemia interferes with proximal tunular reabsorption of sodium and so causes loss of sodium and water- patients are normally degydrated

Answer 6

true

Question 7

what type of drugs are likely causes of hyperkalaemia

Answer 7

anti- hypertensives

Question 8

true or false

the finding of gross hyperkalaemia and hypocalcaemia suggest contamination with potassium EDTA, the anticoagulant used in the FBC purple top bottle

Answer 8

true

Question 9

does ADH concentrate or dilute urine

Answer 9

concentrate