Biochemistry Flashcards
Polymer
A big molecule made of repeating subunits (starch,carb…)
Amino acid
The unit molecule of protein
Polymerization
A process that links amino acids to form proteins
Protein denaturation
A process where a protein loses its shape due to excessive heat, a change in ph, or heavy metals
Glucose
A monosaccharide (simple sugar) used in human cells
Emulsifier
A substance such as soap which helps break down lipids
Starch
The storage form of carbohydrate in plants
Phospholipid
A lipid that’s makes up a significant part of the cell membrane
Nucleotide
The subunit of nucleic acids
Glycogen
The storage form of carbohydrate in animals
What are the 4 elements most often found in organic molecules
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
Which element is only found in amino acids and nucleotides
Nitrogen
What are the 4 major classes of biological molecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins
Which bio molecule forms enzymes
Proteins
Which bio molecule makes up genes
Nucleic acid
Which bio molecule is involved in energy storage
Lipids
When many simple sugar molecules are joined together
Polysaccharide
When many amino acids are joined together
Polypeptide
When glycerol and fatty acids are joined together
Neutral fat
When many nucleotides are joined together
Nucleic acids
The bonds between amino acids in a polypeptide are called
Peptide bonds
ATP is a
Nucleotide associated with energy in the body
What are the 3 components that make up a nucleotide
Nitrogen base, phosphate, sugar
