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BIODIVERSITY Flashcards

1
Q

symbiosis

A

The interactions in a relationship between organisms of different species that last over time.

Ex: the relationship between a clownfish and a sea anemone

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2
Q

What is diversity index

A

A measure if the biological diversity in an area, calculated by dividing the number of run in a walk-through of an area by the total number of specimens.

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3
Q

What is a variation

A

Differences in characteristics of organisms caused my genetic and environmental factors.

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4
Q

What are species

A

A group of organisms that share similar genetic and physical characteristics; Generally these organisms can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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5
Q

What is speciation

A

The evolution of different species from a single ancestor.

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6
Q

What is structural adaptation

A

an inherited physical characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment.

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7
Q

What is behavioral adaptation

A

An inherited characteristic behavior that helps an orgnism survive in its environment.

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8
Q

Why is it better to have a variety of similar species in an ecosystem?

A

leads to greater stability

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9
Q

Are all organisms within a species identical? True or False?

A

False.

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10
Q

What did Charles Darwin discover when he on the Galapagos Islands?

A

He discovered that in different areas of the islands, the finches had a variety of physical adaptatations to survive in their environments.

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11
Q

Is it normal for some places to have a higher diversity index? True or False?

A

True.

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12
Q

What is a Niche

A

A niche is where an organism lives and what is does.

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13
Q

What is an adaptation

A

An adaptation helps an organism to compete with each other for the needs of life.

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14
Q

When do species compete with each other?

A

When their resources start to get low.

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15
Q

What is a broad niche?

A

The roles or characteristic activities filled by a generalist organism.

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16
Q

What is a narrow niche?

A

A highly specialised role or characterisric activiy undertaken by an organism in an ecosystem.

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17
Q

What is a symboitic relationship?

A

A relationship between different species.

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18
Q

True or fale: Do all species avoid conflict?

A

False. Only some

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19
Q

Why does Canada have less diversity in species?

A

Canada has less diverse species because the organisms have to be able to adapt to multiple different environments due to seasonal changes.

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20
Q

What is specialists?

A

A type of organism that adapts to a very specific environment.

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21
Q

What is specialization?

A

Specialization is adaptation for surviving in very specific environments.

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22
Q

What is a mutualism?

A

A symbiotic relationship between two different types of organism that is beneficial to both organisms.

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23
Q

What are generalists?

A

An organism with generalized requirements and adaptations that allow it to survive in variable conditions and depend on a variety of food sources.

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24
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

The formation of a new individual from a single orginism.

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25
What is binary fission?
The splitting of a single -celled organism into two new organisms.
26
What are spores?
A single-celled reproductive structure from which an individual offspring develops.
27
What are zoospores?
A flagellated asexual spore.
28
what is a meristem?
An area of cell division of unspecialized cells in the tip of roots and shoots that produce new growth in plants.
29
What are clones?
An identical copy of a molecule, gene, cell, or entire orgsnism.
30
What is budding?
An asexual reproduction process in which a bud forms on an organism, grows, and eventually breaks away to become a new orginism independent of the parent.
31
What are zygospores?
A single-celled reproduction structure formed in sexual reproduction by some fungi.
32
What is bacterial conjugation?
The direct transfer of genetic material (DNA) from one bacterial cell to another.
33
What is a zygote?
A new cell formed by the process of fertilization.
34
What is a pistil
The seed-production, or female part of a flower.
35
what is stamen
The part of a flower that contains pollen.
36
What is an ovule?
The plant part that develops into a seed.
37
What is a pollen tube?
In a plant, a tube that grows from pollen grain toward the ovule.
38
What is an embryo?
A multi-cellular organism during early development
39
What are cotyledons?
A seed leaf; a structure in a seed that nourishes the plant embryo.
40
What are genetics?
A studies of genes or heritable traits.
41
What is continuous variation?
In genetics, traits show a range of possibilities.
42
What is direct variation?
In genetics, inherited traits have a limited number of variations, such as the ability or inability to roll one tongue. Another example is having attached or unattached earlobes.
43
What are dominant traits?
An inherited trait that shows up in offspring.
44
What are recessive traits?
An inherited trait that shows up in the offspring only if both parents passed on the gene for the traits.
45
What is DNA?
A molecule that stores genetic traits.
46
What is a mutation?
A change in genetic information, or DNA, of an organism
47
What are chromosomes?
In a cell, tightly packed strains of DNA are visible under a lighted microscope.
48
What are biotechnologies?
Using or modifying a used organism to make marketable produce.
49
How many chromosomes does a singular person have?
46 chromosomes (also referred to as 23 PAIRS of chromosomes)
50
What are somatic cells?
Body cells, not the egg or sperm.
51
What is a benefit of variation?
52
What is aquaculture?
The rearing of aquatic animals or the cultivation of aquatic plants or food.
53
What is the scientific term for DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
54
What is transgenic?
An organism produced by moving DNA from one organism to another to create a new genetic combination.
55
What is artificial selection?
Technique in which individual plants or animals with desirable traits are bred together to develop plants or animals with specific traits.
56
What is breeding?
when you take two organisms and they mate to create offspring.
57
What is natural selection?
A natural occurring process in which only those organisms with the best traits for survival in an environment survive to reproduce.
58
What is bioindicator species?
Species that help indicate environmental change.
59
What are seed banks?
A collection of genetically diverse seeds
60
What are domestic animals?
An animal that is no longer wild, but has been bred or tamed by humans to perform various funcions
61
How are new breeds of domestic animals developed?
selective breeding
62
What can be done to preserve the genetic diversity of plants?
Preserve cultural diversity, base food security on biodiversity, keep small farmers on the land, conserve diverse environments, and integrate conservation with use.
63
What are protected areas?
a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated, and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature.
64
What are bioindicator species?
living organisms such as plants, planktons, animals, and microbes, which are utilized to screen the health of the natural ecosystem in the environment.

Science 9 (6 decks)

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