biodiversity Flashcards
(42 cards)
outline parazoa
assymeitrcal
no gastrulation
water taken in through porocytes
and expelled out the osculum
outline cnidaria
jellyfish, hydras and coral
mouth is also an anus
some nerve network
cnidocytes on tentacles
animals in lophotrochozoan
flatworms, segmented worms and mollocus
ring of cilia on there larvae
outline protostomes
spiral cell division
early cell determination
body cavity forms from mesoderm
mouth forms first before anus
outline flatworms
phylum Platyhelminthes
digestive and reproductive organs
no circulatory organs
reproduce as hermaphrodites
contains parasitic flukes and tapeworms
Outline segmented worms
Phylum Annelida
through gut from mouth to anus
circular and longitudinal muscles
digestive tract has specialized reasons
contains earthworms polychaetes and leeches
has segmentation
outline molluscs
phylum mollusca
snails, slugs octopus and clams
same body plan: foot, visceral mass mantle and radula
contains: gastropods bivalves and cephalopods
outline ecdysozoans
undergo ecdysis (shedding of exoskeleton)
contains Nematoda (roundworms)
and arthropds
outline chelicerates
spiders, horseshoe crabs and ticks
combined head and thorax
no antenna no legs on abdomen
typeof arthropod
outline crustaceans
lobsters and crabs
two pairs of antenna
large pincers
thorax has legs for walking
segmented abdomen to help with swimming
outline deuterostomes
radial cleavage
cell fate determined early
body cavity forms from endoderm
blastopore becomes anus
contains echinoderms (star fish)
and chordates
outline ostracoderms
ancient jawless fish
heavily armourder
covered with bony plates and scales
no pectoral fins
outline modern jawless fish
eel like
lack paired fins and jaws
no armour
Hag fish and lampreys
outline cartilaginous fish
sharks, rays, rat-fish
acute senses for predatory lifestyle
lateral line system for detecting pressure
electroreceptive organs
many covered in placoid scales
outline bony fish
endoskeleton of calcium phosphate
lateral line system
hydrostatic organ for boyunacy
most use external fertilisation and are oviparous
outline echinoderms
Starfish and sea urchins
adults radial symmetry
larvae bilateral
symmetry
endoskeleton made from calcareous plates
water vascular system for locomotion/gas exchange
separated from chordates 500MYA
outline characteristics of the phylum Chordata
notochord - long flexible rod between digestive and nerve (skeletal support)
dorsal hollow nerve chord - forms brain
pharyngeal slits - slits in the throat for water to pass through
muscular post-anal tail -
outline urochordates
sea squirts
U shaped filter feeder
adults dont have all chordate characteristics but larvae does
outline tetrapods
first fish with legs
strong skeletal structured fins
lungs and internal nostrils
includes tiktaalick
outline evolution and closest relatives of tetrapod
acanthostega - 8 fingers
ichthyostega 6.5 fingers
erypos 5 fingers
lobed-fin fish and lung fish
outline amphibians
4,800 species
dominated the carboniferous era
due to no competition
outline amphibians adaptations
lungs in adults
chromatophores to absorb Uv
keratin and mucous to prevent water loss
solid pelvic girdle but flexible pectoral girdle
lateral line lost in adults
evolution of ear
3 chambered heart
outline order urodela
tailed ones
newts and salamanders
lung trunk, tail
some salamanders are paedomorphic - sexual maturity is reached at larval stage
outline order anura
tail-less ones
frogs and toads
strong hind legs for jumping
ribs fused to vertebrae
