biodiversity

Question 1

sampling

Answer 1

taking measurements of a small number of organisms present in a certain area

Question 2

uses of sampling

Answer 2

measuring particulat chaa of an org

estimate n’ orgs in an area w/out having to count them all

Question 3

random sampling

Answer 3

selecting indiv by chance, each indiv in pop has equal chance of selection

Question 4

how are org studyed decided

Answer 4

random number tables or computers

Question 5

non-random sampling

Answer 5

sample not chosen at random
opp
srat
sys

Question 6

weakest form of sampling

Answer 6

opportunistic, not rep of pop

Question 7

systematic

Answer 7

diff areas w/in the overall habitat identified, sampled separable

Question 8

which sampling method used line/belt transect

Answer 8

systematic

Question 9

line transect

Answer 9

marking line along ground bw poles at tking smaples at spec points- reg intervals, can inc desribing all rg which touch the line or distances of samples from the line

Question 10

belt transect

Answer 10

prov more info than line, two parallel lines marked, samples taken from area bw two lines

Question 11

factors which aff reliability of sample

Answer 11

sampling bias

chance

Question 12

how to reduce eff of sampling bias

Answer 12

using random sampling, removing human involvement

Question 13

how can the eff of chance be minimised

Answer 13

using a larger smaple size, decreasing prob that chanc will influence reliability

Question 14

sampling animals

Answer 14

pooter
sweep net
pitfall
treebeating
kick sample

Question 15

smapling plants

Answer 15

point and frame quadrat

Question 16

how would you collect the most valid rep sample of an area using a quadrat

Answer 16

use quadrat following a random sampling tech

Question 17

how would you use a quadrat to present distrib and presence of org across area of land

Answer 17

place quadrat along line/ belt transect

Question 18

frame quadrat

Answer 18

sq frame divided into a grid of = sections

Question 19

what can you calculate from a frame quadrat

Answer 19

density
percentage cover
frequency

Question 20

importance of genetic bd

Answer 20

survival

Question 21

why are spec that contin greater genetic bd less likely to become extinct

Answer 21

likely to b able to adapt to changes
likely to b org that carry advantageous allele which enables hem to survive altered condtions, reprod and pass to offspring

Question 22

factors that increase gen bd

Answer 22

mutations

interbreeding

Question 23

factors that deceases gen bd

Answer 23

selectiv breeding
captive breeding programmes
natayral selection
genetic bottle necks
founder effect
genetic dift

Question 24

type of habitats

Answer 24

sand dunes, woodland meadows, streams

Question 25

factors aff bd

Answer 25

pop growth agriculture (monoculture) climate change

Question 26

ecological reasons for maintaining bb

Answer 26

protecting keystone species (interdependence of orgs) | maintaining genetic resource

Question 27

economic reasons for maintaining bd

Answer 27

reducing soil depletion (continuous monoculture)

Question 28

aesthetic reasons for maintaining bd

Answer 28

protecting landscapes

Question 29

in situ methods of maintaining bd

Answer 29

marine conservation zones and wildlife reserves

Question 30

ex situ methods of maintaining bd

Answer 30

seed banks, botanic gardens, zoos

Question 31

CITES

Answer 31

convention on international trade in endangered species

Question 32

CBD

Answer 32

Rio convension on biological diversity

Question 33

CSS

Answer 33

countryside stewardship scheme

Question 34

suitable pop to asses gen bd

Answer 34

zoos rare breeds pedigree animals

Question 35

proportion of polymorphic gene loci=

Answer 35

n' polymorphic gene loci/total n' loci

Question 36

what are frame quadrats used to do

Answer 36

sample the population of plants living in a habitat

Question 37

what used to measure biodiversity

Answer 37

Simpson's index of biodiversity

Question 38

what does simpon's index take into account

Answer 38

species richness and species evenness

Question 39

proportion of polymorphic gene loci=

Answer 39

n' polymorphic gene loci/total n' loci