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Biodiversity AC1 - Biomes Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

What is a biome? (Definition)

A
  • large geographic region
    characterized by
  • distinct plant and animal communities
  • climate patterns
  • physical features
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2
Q

What is the importance of Biomes? They play a crucial role in?

A
  • shaping earth’s biodiversity
  • regulating climate
  • providing essential ecosystem services such as
    1. water purification
    2. soil formation
    3. carbon storage
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3
Q

Name the 9 types of Biomes

A
  1. Tundra
  2. Tiaga
  3. Temperate Decidiuous Forest
  4. Grassland
  5. Savannah
  6. Desert
  7. Tropical Rainforest
  8. Wetland
  9. Marine
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4
Q

Where is the tundra biome located?

A
  • Arctic
  • Alpine regions
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5
Q

What are the main characteristics of the tundra biome?

A
  • cold and dry climate
  • with permafrost
  • minimal vegetation
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6
Q

How do animals adapt to the cold temperatures in the tundra?

A
  • have thick fur or feathers
    for insulation against the cold
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7
Q

What is one way animals minimize heat loss in the tundra?

A

Animals are small in size to
* minimize surface area
* reduce heat loss

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8
Q

How do animals survive harsh winters in the tundra?

A

use migration or hibernation as strategies

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9
Q

Name an example of an animal that lives in the tundra.

A

Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus)

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10
Q

Where is the boreal forest (taiga) biome located?

A

Northern parts of
* North America
* Europe
* Asia

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11
Q

What are the main characteristics of the boreal forest biome?

A
  • cold cimate
  • coniferous forests
    dominated by pine, spruce and fir trees
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12
Q

How do animals in the boreal forest stay warm in cold temperatures?

A
  • have thick fur / feathers
    to provide insulation against cold temps
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13
Q

What is an adaptation of animals for walking on snow in the boreal forest?

A
  • some animals have large feet
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14
Q

How do animals prepare for the long winter months in the boreal forest?

A

have the ability to store food in preparation for the long winter months.

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15
Q

Name an example of an animal found in the boreal forest biome.

A

Moose (Alces alces)

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16
Q

What is a unique behavior of moose in the boreal forest?

A
  • Moose are known to be good swimmers
  • capable of swimming across rivers and lakes
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17
Q

Where is the temperate deciduous forest biome located?

A
  • Eastern North America
  • Western Europe
  • East Asia
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18
Q

What are the main characteristics of the temperate deciduous forest biome?

A
  • moderate climate
  • deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the winter
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19
Q

How do animals adapt to avoid predators in the temperate deciduous forest?

A

some use camouflage
* to blend in with surroundings
* avoid predators

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20
Q

What strategy do some animals use to escape the cold in winter?

A

Some animals migrate to warmer areas during the winter months.

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21
Q

How do animals conserve energy during the cold periods of the year?

A

use hibernation or torpor as energy-saving strategies during cold periods

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22
Q

Name an example of an animal found in the temperate deciduous forest biome

A

Eastern Grey Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)

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23
Q

What sound does a grey squirrel make?

A

Variety of sounds
* chattering
* squeaking
* warning calls

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24
Q

Where is the grassland biome located?

A
  • North America
  • South America
  • Africa
  • Euroasia
  • Australia
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25
What are the main characteristics of the grassland biome?
* wide open spaces * with grass as dominant vegetation
26
What adaptation helps animals run on the open terrain of the grasslands?
have strong, fast legs to run efficiently on the open terrain.
27
How are hooves beneficial for animals in the grassland biome?
* specialized for grazing on grasses * making it easier for animals to feed.
28
How do some animals shelter from extreme weather and predators in the grasslands?
animals **burrow** to find shelter from extreme weather and predators.
29
Name an example of an animal found in the grassland biome.
African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
30
Where is the savannah biome located?
Tropical and Subtropical regions of * Africa * South America * Australia * parts of Asia
31
What are the main characteristics of the savannah biome?
* grasslands with scattered trees and shrubs * has wet and dry seasons
32
What adaptation helps animals run on the open terrain of the savannah?
have strong, fast legs to run effectively on the open terrain.
33
How are hooves beneficial for animals in the savannah?
* specialized for grazing on grasses * allowing animals to feed efficiently
34
How do some animals protect themselves from extreme weather and predators in the savannah?
Animals **burrow** to * create shelter from extreme weather * hide from predators
35
Name an example of an animal found in the savannah biome.
African lion (Panthera leo)
36
What are some smaller animals found in the savannah?
* meerkats * zebras * warthogs
37
Where is the desert biome located?
* North America * South America * Africa * Asia * Australia
38
What are the main characteristics of the desert biome?
* has an arid climate * minimal precipitation * extreme temperature flactuations
39
What adaptation helps animals avoid extreme daytime heat in the desert?
* some animals are nocturnal * nocturnal = being active during cooler night to avoid extreme daytime heat
40
How do animals in the desert conserve water?
They have water conservation mechanisms * efficient water storage * minimal sweating
41
How do some animals in the desert avoid predators?
use camouflage * blend in with surroundings * avoid predators
42
Name an example of an animal found in the desert biome.
Fennec fox (Vulpes zerda)
43
What is a notable desert spider?
Golden wheel spider
44
Where are tropical rainforests located?
Near the equator in * South America * Africa * Southeast Asia * Australia
45
What is the climate like in tropical rainforests?
* warm and humid * dense vegetation * variety of tree species
46
Why do some rainforest animals have bright colors?
* attract mates * warn predators of their toxicity
47
Why do many rainforest animals have strong climbing abilities?
navigate through dense canopy layers in search of food and shelter.
48
How do animals adapt to abundant food sources in rainforests?
develop specialized diets to exploit specific food sources.
49
Name a large predator found in the tropical rainforest.
Jaguar (Panthera onca)
50
What is an example of a toxic rainforest animal?
Dart Frog * bright colours as warning to predators
51
Where are wetlands found?
globally in * coastal areas * river floodplains * inland dpressions
52
What is the defining characteristic of wetlands?
* have water covering soil or * present near the surface
53
How do webbed feet or flippers help wetland animals?
* allow for efficient movement in water * helping animals like ducks and otters
54
Why do some wetland animals have waterproof fur or feathers?
for * insulation and * buoyancy as seen in * muskrats and waterfowl
55
How does camouflage help wetland animals?
* blend in with their environment * avoid predators
56
Name an apex predator found in wetlands.
American alligator
57
Where is the marine biome found?
* oceans and seas worldwide * covers 71% of earth's surface
58
What are the key characteristics of the marine biome?
* consists of vast bodies of saltwater * diverse ecosystems such as coral reefs, kelp forests, and deep-sea habitats
59
What factors vary in the marine biome?
* temperature * salinity * ocean currents
60
Why do marine animals have streamlined body shapes?
* for efficient swimming * helps dolpins and sharks move through water easily
61
How does blubber help marine animals?
* provides insulation and buoyancy * protecting animals like whales and seals from cold waters.
62
How do marine animals breathe underwater?
* Fish use gills to extract oxygen from water * marine mammals like dolphins and whales have lungs to breathe air.
63
Name a well-known marine mammal.
Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Natural Science (10 decks)

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