Biodiversity: Characteristics of Living Things, Classifications, Dichotomous Keys

Question 1

What is taxonomy?

Answer 1

The systemic classification of living things

Question 2

What is systematics and binomial nomenclature? Explain

Answer 2

It is giving things scientific names. In binomial nomenclature, only capitalize the genus name first, and italicize the species name. (Or both not too sure)

Question 3

What is phylogeny and cladistics? Explain cladograms and dichotomous keys.

Answer 3

Phylogeny and cladistics is the organizing of living things into family trees. Cladograms are diagrams which show this. Dichotomous keys allow us to identify species in a field. (Always use does not have when saying the opposite in dichotomous keys)

Question 4

What are the 7 levels of classification?

Answer 4

KING PHILIP CRIED OUT “FOR GOODNESS SAKES!”

Kingdom
phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 5

What are the 6 kingdoms? Explain

Answer 5

Animalia (all organisms that move and use food and energy - animals)
Plantae (organisms that can make their own food - plants)
Fungi (established when realized that there were key differences between plants)
Protista (first observed when seen in microscope, didn’t know if should place in animals or plants so created new kingdom)
Archaebacteria (monera which live in harsh conditions)
Eubacteria (monera which live nearly everywhere)

Note: Monera was part of the 5 kingdom system and is created when noticed some protists lacked true nucleus

Question 6

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 6

Domain Eukaryota
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archea

Question 7

List as many differences between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes as you know

Answer 7

Do it

Question 8

Define species and genus

Answer 8

Species: organisms with similar features who can interbreed and and produce fertile offspring (mule example)
Genus: species which share major characteristics

Question 9

Explain the Linnaean classification system (Carl)

Answer 9

Based on physical characteristics
Binomial nomenclature

Question 10

What did Aristotle come up with?

Answer 10

The ladder of life (hierarchical relationship with humans at the top)

Question 11

Explain biological racist and biological antiracist

Answer 11

Biological racist: believes there are meaningful differences in biology of races and these differences create hierarchical value

Biological antiracist: believes there are no biologically meaningful differences between races and there are no genetic racial differences